Proportion of strikes by various Vespula wasps on white or black targets in color discrimination experiment 1, and on pheromone-treated or control targets in experiments 2-10. In all experiments except 1, the control target was treated with acetonitrile. Gray boxplots show the medians (vertical lines), interquartile ranges (boxes), and ranges (whiskers). Pseudomedians and 95% confidence intervals are shown in black. Asterisks indicate pseudomedians and means that are significantly different from 0.5 using Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests and t-tests, respectively. The X in experiment 8 indicates that only the mean number of strikes on the treated target in was significantly different from 0.5.