Nest defending postures of X. nasalis; Defending posture tactics performed by females X. nasalis to repel other conspecifics in the aggregated nesting site. The bee blocking the entrance via protruding her head out from the nest entrance (4a). Guarding the entrance by using the dorsal side of her metasoma to block the invaders (4b).

 
 
  Part of: Hongjamrassilp W, Warrit N (2014) Nesting biology of an Oriental carpenter bee, Xylocopa (Biluna) nasalis Westwood, 1838, in Thailand (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Xylocopinae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 41: 75-94. https://doi.org/10.3897/JHR.41.7869