Right wings of three different individuals from seven Parapanteles species showing wing interference patterns. A shows three gregarious sympatric sister species ((P. tessares, P. continua), P. sicpolus) from Area de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG) in Costa Rica. B shows two gregarious allopatric sister species, one from AVG (P. paradoxus) and one from Yanayacu Biological Station in Ecuador (P. sp. I). C shows two solitary sister species from Yanayacu Biological Station.

 
 
  Part of: Jin S, Parks KS, Janzen DH, Hallwachs W, Dyer LA, Whitfield JB (2023) The wing interference patterns (WIPs) of Parapanteles (Braconidae, Microgastrinae): demonstrating a powerful and accessible tool for species-level identification of small and clear winged insects. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 96: 967-982. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.111382