Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C–F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)