Nesting behaviour of Penepodium luteipenne 1 Digging of the nest, the accumulated lose earth around the nest entrance is the earth excavated from the burrow 2 stinging of the prey 3 oviposition (setae in the wasp’s front leg) 4 placement of the prey into the nest 5 female pushing a prey stuck in the nest entrance, using both the front and mid legs, and the opened mandibles.