New species of egg parasites from the Oil Palm Stick Insect (Eurycantha insularis) in Papua New Guinea (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Phasmatodea, Phasmatidae)

Two new species of amisegine chrysidids, Cladobethylus insularis and Exova tunana, are described. Both species were reared from eggs of the stick insect, Eurycantha insularis Lucas (Phasmatidae), collected from infestations of oil palm pests in Papua New Guinea. This is the first host record for either genus.

insects can be seen in Fig. 3. Eggs from this stick insect were regularly collected during these infestations and two new species of chrysidid egg parasites, Exova tunana sp.n. and Cladobethylus insularis sp.n. described below were reared from the eggs.There is no information on the ecology of these parasitoids except for the rearing information.
There are seven named species of Cladobethylus and two species of Exova described prior to those described below (Kimsey andBohart 1991, Kimsey 2011).The new species of Cladobethylus described below is the second one recorded from New Guinea.Exova is known from northern Australia and Fiji, so it is not surprising to find a species in Papua New Guinea.

Materials and methods
Specimens were all reared by the second and third authors and their staff at PNGO-PRA, Higaturu Centre, Northern Province, Papua New Guinea.Diagnosis.This is the largest bodied species of Cladobethylus, with males averaging twice the length of the known other species.Male insularis can be distinguished from aquilus, the only other species known from New Guinea by the longer malar

5.
space (4 midocellus diameters versus 3.5 in aquilus), pronotum not blue-tinted, much broader zone of cross-ridging in the scapal basin, legs brown instead of yellow (aquilus) flagellomere I shorter (4.5× as long as broad versus 5× in aquilus) and flagellomere XI shorter (5× as long as broad versus 6× in aquilus).Features of female insularis not shared with other Cladobethylus include the bicolored antenna and legs, long clypeus (0.8 midocellus diameter long versus 0.3-0.6 midocellus diameters in other species), and narrow distance between the midocellus and nearest eye margin (up to 2 midocellus diameters versus 2.6-2.7 midocellus diameters in the others).
Metasoma.Tergum I polished with few tiny highly scattered punctures; tergum II with two large ovoid patches of small punctures, 1 puncture diameter apart, separated medially by impunctate band and with broad apical impunctate band; terga III-IV with tiny punctures 1 puncture diameter apart, becoming sparser toward apical margin.
Color.Head, meso-and metasoma black with metallic bluish green highlights dorsally on head, pronotum and scutellum, sometimes faint on metasomal terga; mandible and antenna dark brown; legs light reddish brown, except coxae dark brown to black basally; wing membrane brown-tinted, darkest in vicinity of stigma; wing veins dark brown.
Etymology.The species is named after the host species.Diagnosis.This is the largest bodied species of Exova.Female tunana can be distinguished from fijiensis Kimsey by the long spine-like propodeal angle (a feature shared  with tetraspina), which is conical in fijiensis.Female fijiensis can be distinguished from tetraspina by the more weakly produced medial propodeal projections and the highly polished and smooth metapleuron and propodeum.Male tunana can be distinguished from fijiensis by the shorter distance from the midocellus to ocular margin (2 midocellus diameters or less in tunana versus 2.5 midocellus diameters in fijiensis), flagel-lomeres I and II equivalent versus I much longer than broad than II in fijiensis and the body with bluish green tints versus brassy in fijiensis.
Color.Head, meso-and metasoma black with metallic bluish green tints dorsally; antenna black, legs pale yellow; wing membrane brown-tinted, veins dark brown.
Metasoma.Polished; tergum I with fine dense scratches in two touching posteromedial patches, scratches parallel and curving laterally; tergum II with two anteromedial patches of dense curved scratches subtended by large medial patch of dense posteriorly curved fine scratches; terga III and IV smooth with scattered tiny punctures.
Etymology.The species is named after the collection site in Northern Province, PNG.
Figures 1-3.Eurycantha insularis Lucas 1 feeding damage in Tunana small holding oil palm plantation in Papua New Guinea 2 Male 3 Female with parasitized egg; egg not to scale.

Cladobethylus insularis Kimsey & Dewhurst, sp. n.
Types are deposited in the following museums and institutions: CANBERRA -Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia; DAVIS -Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, Davis, USA; KIMBE -Papua new Guinea, PNG Oil Palm Research Association Dami Research Station, Kimbe, West New Britain Province; LONDON -The Natural History Museum, London, England, and PORT MORESBY -the National Insect Collection, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.