6 urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:DE333E49-E4EE-5693-9BEF-D446E6301C98 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:55528528-5C97-4D79-A718-8B3D153B37CC Journal of Hymenoptera Research JHR 1070-9428 1314-2607 Pensoft Publishers 10.3897/jhr.99.186997 186997 Research Article Pteromalidae Systematics Asia Europe Review of the Palearctic Syntomopus Walker, 1833 (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae), with description of new species Li Qin 1 2 Li Xiaoyu https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3929-9921 1 2 Yin Huashan 1 2 Xiao Hui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-3793 3 Tselikh Ekaterina V. tselikhk@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9184-043X 4 College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 666 Shengli Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University Urumqi China https://ror.org/059gw8r13 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, 666 Shengli Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering Urumqi China Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China https://ror.org/034t30j35 Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia https://ror.org/05snbjh64

Corresponding author: Ekaterina V. Tselikh (Tselikhk@gmail.com)

Academic editor: Petr Janšta

 2026 24 07 2026 99 833 855 64F55D75-09E8-58E9-809F-5154432F0C44 0CA59D6C-7F6A-4B03-8362-1C7742367F8B 30 01 2026 09 07 2026 Qin Li, Xiaoyu Li, Huashan Yin, Hui Xiao, Ekaterina V. Tselikh This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. https://zoobank.org/0CA59D6C-7F6A-4B03-8362-1C7742367F8B

This paper reviews the Palaearctic species of the genus Syntomopus Walker, 1833. A new species, Syntomopus dzhanokmeniasp. nov., is described from Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan and China. All available types are redescribed and illustrated. The species S. crassicornis (Szelényi, 1970) and S. incisus Thomson, 1878 are synonymised under S. thoracicus (Walker, 1833). Syntomopus thoracicus is recorded for the fauna of Uzbekistan for the first time and S. oviceps Thomson, 1878 for the fauna of Kazakhstan. An identification key for females and males of all Palaearctic Syntomopus species is provided.

 Chalcidoidea fauna key new records new species taxonomy Introduction

The pteromalid genus Syntomopus Walker, 1833 (type species Syntomopus thoracicus Walker, 1833) belongs to the family Pteromalidae, subfamily Miscogastrinae, and is distributed in the Palaearctic, Oriental, Nearctic, Neotropical and Australian regions. Until now, it comprised 19 valid species. Only 9 species, Syntomopus agromyzae Hedqvist, 1973, S. crassicornis (Szelényi, 1970), S. fuscipes Huang, 1991, S. incisus Thomson, 1878 (herein synonymized with S. thoracicus Walker, 1833), S. incurvus Walker, 1833, S. oviceps Thomson, 1878, S. pallipes Rudov, 1886, S. thoracicus, S. turanicus Dzhanokmen, 2000, have been found in the Palaearctic Region (Walker 1833; Thomson 1878; Szelényi 1970; Hedqvist 1973; Huang 1991; Dzhanokmen 2000; UCD Community 2026). Four other species, Syntomopus amaravathicus Narendran & Girishkumar, 2012, S. carinatus Sureshan & Narendran, 1999, S. nigrus Sureshan & Narendran, 1999, S. rajamalaiensis Sureshan & Narendran, 1999 are distributed in the Oriental Region. Two species, Syntomopus americanus Ashmead, 1895 and S. arpedes Heydon, 1993 are distributed in the Nearctic Region. Three species, Syntomopus gracilis De Santis et al., 1976, S. incisoideus Howard, 1897 and S. parisii De Santis, 1976 are distributed in the Neotropical Region. And only one species Syntomopus shakespearei (Girault, 1926) is distributed in the Australian Region (Ashmead 1895; Howard 1897; De Santis 1976; Girault 1926; Heydon 1993; Sureshan and Narendran 1999; Narendran et al. 2012; UCD Community 2026).

Most of the species of the genus are primary parasitoid of many species of Agromyza Fallén, 1810, Liriomyza Mik, 1894, Melanagromyza Hendel, 1920, Napomyza Westwood, 1840, Phytomyza Fallén, 1810 (Diptera, Agromyzidae). However, two species are known as primary parasitoids of butterflies of the family Pterophoridae: S. arpedes is parasitoid of Epiblema strenuana (Walker, 1863) and S. incurvus is parasitoid of Adaina microdactyla (Hübner, 1813) (UCD Community 2026).

The aim of this work is to describe one new species of Syntomopus from Palearctic region (Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan and China) and redescribe and illustrate all available types of Palearctic species of this genus. An identification key to females and males of 7 Palaearctic species of Syntomopus is also provided.

 Material and methods

The material (including studied types) used for this study is deposited in the Hymenoptera collections of the Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom (NHMUK), the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary (HNHM), the Zoological Museum of the Lund University, Lund, Sweden (LUZN), the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (IZAS), the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia (ZISP), the College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China (ICXU).

Morphological terminology, including sculpture and wing venation nomenclature, follows Bouček and Rasplus (1991), Gibson (1997), Burks et al. (2022), Heraty and Woolley (2025). The following abbreviations are used: POL – posterior ocellar line, the minimum distance between the posterior ocelli; OOL – ocello-ocular line, the minimum distance between a posterior ocellus and compound eye; F1–F6 – funicular segments; C1–C4 – claval segments; M – marginal vein; S – stigmal vein; PM – postmarginal vein. The height of the head (in frontal view) is measured from the top of the median ocellus to the clypeal lower margin; the width of the head is measured from the outer edges of the eyes. The scape is measured without the radicle; the pedicel is measured in lateral view. The distance between the clypeal lower margin and the toruli is measured from the lower margins of the toruli; the distance between the toruli and the median ocellus is measured from the lower margins of the toruli to the lower margin of the median ocellus. Eye height is measured as its maximum diameter, eye length as a minimum diameter. The length of the mesoscutellum (in dorsal view) is measured as its maximum diameter in the center, the width as a minimum diameter in the center. The mesosoma and metasoma are measured in lateral view, the latter including the ovipositor sheath.

 Results

Family Pteromalidae Dalman, 1820

Subfamily Miscogastrinae Walker, 1833

Tribe Sphegigastrini Thomson, 1876

Animalia Hymenoptera Pteromalidae 2863E777-E04F-5722-B2EF-2FDC09D94D1F Syntomopus Walker, 1833 Syntomopus Walker, 1833: 371, 372. Type species by subsequent designation Syntomopus thoracicus Walker, 1833 in Westwood 1839: 69. Merismorella Girault, 1926: 1. Type species by original monotypy Merismorella shakespearei Girault, 1926. Synonymy by Bouček (1988: 466). Dudichilla Szelényi, 1970: 325–326. Type species by original designation or monotypy Dudichilla crassicornis Szelényi, 1970. Synonymy by Burks (2012: 37). Diagnosis.

Head without occipital carina (Figs 3, 14, 23, 29, 33, 38, 48, 52, 61). Gena without a shallow malar depression; genal lamina absent. Clypeal margin with three teeth (e.g., Figs 22, 32, 37, 46, 51, 58); tentorial pits indistinct; antennal formula 11263 (Figs 9, 15, 24, 28, 41, 49, 59); clava symmetric, area of micropilosity small. Antenna inserted above lower ocular line; antennal protuberance absent; scrobes shallow (Figs 12, 22, 27, 32, 37, 46, 51, 58). Pronotum long with collar not carinate; notauli complete, but sometime shallow in posterior part; mesoscutellum in most cases flat and with indistinct frenal area (Figs 16, 19, 21, 31, 35, 39, 44, 50, 54, 60) or slightly convex (Figs 1, 5). Propodeum reticulate with plica; costula absent; median carina full (Figs 5, 16, 19, 21, 39, 44), not full or weak in middle (Figs 31, 35, 50, 54, 60); nucha short; propodeal spiracle inserted close to anterior propodeal margin. Fore wing hyaline, with distinct speculum; M not widened and longer than S and longer than or as long as PM (Figs 2, 6, 13, 17, 30, 34, 40, 42, 47, 56). Hind coxa dorsally bare (Figs 11, 18, 20, 26, 36, 43, 45, 53, 55). Petiole elongate, reticulate and with anterolateral flange that extends anteriorly to flank petiolar insertion (Figs 5, 10, 16, 19, 31, 35, 44, 50, 54, 57, 60). Cerci of metasoma with setae subequal in length, ovipositor shortly protruding.

 Distribution.

Palaearctic, Oriental, Nearctic, Neotropical and Australian regions (UCD Community 2026).

 Biology.

Primary parasitoid of many species of dipterans of the family Agromyzidae and some species of lepidopterans of the family Pterophoridae (UCD Community 2026).

Key to Palaearctic species of <italic><tp:taxon-name><tp:taxon-name-part taxon-name-part-type="genus" reg="Syntomopus">Syntomopus</tp:taxon-name-part></tp:taxon-name></italic> Walker based on females and males

Syntomopus pallipes described by Rudov from Sicily (Rudow 1886) is not further included into the key and descriptive section due to very brief original description and the unavailability of type material for study.

1 Female 2
– Male 7
2 Head in frontal view 0.8–0.9× as broad as high (Fig. 46). POL 1.9–2.0× as long as OOL (Fig. 48) S. oviceps Thomson
– Head in frontal view 1.15–1.25× as broad as high (e.g., Figs 12, 27, 37). POL 1.20–1.8× as long as OOL (Figs 3, 14, 29, 38) 3
3 Propodeum with not full median carina or weak in middle (e.g., Figs 31, 60) 4
– Propodeum with full median carina (Figs 5, 16, 39) 5
4 POL 1.7× as long as OOL. Fore wing with M 1.4–1.6× as long as PM. Wing margin without cilia (e.g., Fig. 56) S. turanicus Dzhanokmen
– POL 1.2–1.45× as long as OOL (Fig. 29). Fore wing with M 0.92–1.25× as long as PM (Fig. 30). Wing margin with cilia (Fig. 30) S. thoracicus Walker
5 Propodeum 0.38–0.52× as long as mesoscutellum (Fig. 5). Mesoscutellum weakly arched (Fig. 1), 1.15–1.2× as long as broad (Fig. 5) S. agromyzae Hedqvist
– Propodeum 0.67–0.95× as long as mesoscutellum (Figs 16, 39). Mesoscutellum distinctly flat (Figs 11, 36), 0.82–0.9× as long as broad (Figs 16, 39) 6
6 Head in dorsal view 1.23–1.3× as broad as mesoscutum. Antenna with scape yellow or yellowish brown (Fig. 15). Fore and mid femora yellow (Fig. 11). Basal cell of fore wing bare (Fig. 13) S. dzhanokmenia Tselikh & Li, sp. nov.
– Head in dorsal view 1.08–1.1× as broad as mesoscutum. Antenna with scape dark brown or metallic dark blue green (Fig. 37). Fore and mid femora dark brown or metallic dark blue green (Fig. 36). Basal cell of fore wing with 1–4 setae (Fig. 40) S. incurvus Walker
7 Head in frontal view 0.91–1.1× as broad as high (Fig. 51). POL 2.5–2.6× as long as OOL (Fig. 52) S. oviceps Thomson
– Head in frontal view 1.17–1.24× as broad as high (e.g., Figs 22, 32, 58). POL 1.77–2.2× as long as OOL (e.g., Figs 7, 23, 33, 61) 8
8 Propodeum with not full median carina or weak in middle (Figs 35, 60) 9
– Propodeum with full median carina (Figs 19, 21, 44) 10
9 Fore wing with M 1.9–2.03× as long as S; basal cell bare; wing margin without cilia (Fig. 56) S. turanicus Dzhanokmen
– Fore wing with M 1.55–1.67× as long as S; basal cell with 1–4 setae; wing margin with cilia (Fig. 34) S. thoracicus Walker
10 Propodeum 0.4–0.58× as long as mesoscutellum (Figs 8, 21). Mesoscutellum 1.15–1.2× as long as broad (Figs 8, 21) 11
– Propodeum 0.7–0.9× as long as mesoscutellum (Figs 19, 44). Mesoscutellum 0.98–1.0× as long as broad (Figs 19, 44) 12
11 Eye height 2.27–2.3× as long as malar space (Fig. 22). Fore wing with basal cell partly pilose; M 1.0–1.1× as long as PM S. fuscipes Huang
– Eye height 3.7–3.8× as long as malar space. Fore wing with bare basal cell; M 1.25–1.35× as long as PM (Fig. 6) S. agromyzae Hedqvist
12 Eye height 3.0× as long as malar space. Antenna with scape yellow or yellowish brown (Fig. 18). Basal vein of fore wing bare (Fig. 17) S. dzhanokmenia Tselikh & Li, sp. nov.
– Eye height 2.47–2.6× as long as malar space. Antenna with scape dark brown or metallic dark blue green (Fig. 43). Basal cell of fore wing with 4–7 setae (Fig. 42) S. incurvus Walker
Animalia Hymenoptera Pteromalidae BD70DAA4-AB4C-5F75-8777-06C2031C4E40 Syntomopus agromyzae Hedqvist, 1973 Figs 1–10 Syntomopus agromyzae Hedqvist, 1973: 215. Holotype female (NHRS, not examined). Diagnosis.

Head in frontal view 1.2× as broad as high. Eye height 3.95–4.2× as long as malar space. POL 1.45–1.6× as long as OOL (female), 1.9 × (male). Propodeum 0.38–0.52× as long as mesoscutellum and with full median carina. Mesoscutellum weakly arched, 1.15–1.2× as long as broad. Fore wing with M 1.13–1.25× as long as PM and 1.7–1.85× as long as S; wing margin with cilia.

10.3897/jhr.99.186997.figures1-10 01973BC5-5FA5-59F7-9BF7-ADD415CADF99

Syntomopus agromyzae Hedqvist, 1973, paratype female (1–5), paratype male (6–10) 1, 8 body, dorsal view 2, 6 fore wing 3, 7 head, dorsal view 4, 10 metasoma, dorsal view 5 mesosoma, dorsal view 9 antenna.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1724196 Description.

Female. Body length 2.6–3.0 mm; fore wing length 1.8–2.0 mm.

Coloration. Head and mesosoma dark blue green with metallic diffuse coppery luster; antenna with scape yellowish brown; pedicel, anelli, F1–F6 and clava brown. All coxae dark blue with metallic violet luster; all femora apically dark blue green, basally yellowish-brown, all tibiae and tarsi yellowish brown. Fore wing hyaline, venation brown. Metasoma dorsally dark blue with metallic violet luster; ovipositor sheath yellowish brown.

Sculpture. Head and mesosoma reticulate; clypeus alutaceous; metasoma smooth and shiny.

Head. Head in dorsal view 2.27–2.3× as broad as long and 1.17–1.2× as broad as mesoscutum. Eye height 1.67–1.7× eye length. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.78–0.8× distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Antenna with scape 0.68–0.7× as long as eye height and 1.1× as long as eye length; pedicel 1.17–1.3× as long as broad; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 0.82–0.85× breadth of head; F1–F4 subquadrate, F5–F6 transverse; clava 2.0–2.25× as long as broad, with small micropilose area on each C3 and C4. Lower margin of clypeus with 3 teeth.

Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.72–1.79× as long as broad. Mesoscutellum weakly arched, 1.15–1.2× as long as broad, frenal area not distinct by sculpture. Propodeum with costula and full median carina. Fore wing 2.2–2.25× as long as its maximum width; basal cell with 0–1 setae; basal vein pilose; speculum open below; stigma small.

Metasoma. Metasoma 1.45–1.62× as long as broad, 0.84–0.87× as long as mesosoma, 0.64–0.67× as long as mesosoma and head combined. Petiole 1.8–2.0× as long as broad. Ovipositor sheath projecting slightly beyond apex of metasoma.

Male. Body length 2.57 mm; fore wing length 1.8 mm. Head in dorsal view 2.55× as broad as long. Eye height 3.7–3.8× as long as malar space Combined length of pedicel and flagellum 0.94–0.98× breadth of head; F1–F5 longer than broad, F6 subquadrate. Fore wing with M 1.25–1.35× as long as PM Mesosoma 1.3× as long as broad. Otherwise similar to female.

 Material examined.

Type material. Paratypes: Sweden • ♀; “Upl. Vallentuna 25/2 1957 K-J Hedqvist”, “Hedqvist coll. BMNH(E) 2011-27”, “NHMUK 016492976”, “PARATYPUS Syntomopus agromyzae sp.n. ♀ K-J Hedqvist det.1972”; (NHMUK) • ♂; “Upl. Vallentuna 10/12 1957 K-J Hedqvist”, “Melanagromyza cecidogena Her.”, “Hedqvist coll. BMNH(E) 2011-27”, “NHMUK 016492927”, “PARATYPUS Syntomopus agromyzae sp.n. ♂ K-J Hedqvist det.1972”; (NHMUK).

 Distribution.

Sweden, United Kingdom (UCD Community 2026).

 Biology.

Primary parasitoids of Hexomyza cecidogena (Hering, 1927) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) (Hedqvist 1973).

 Remarks.

This species is very similar to S. fuscipes; the differences between these species are given in the key.

 Animalia Hymenoptera Pteromalidae BC6DF45A-7F8B-520C-B4AC-C6750553E348 Syntomopus dzhanokmenia https://zoobank.org/4343E727-9D88-4678-BB80-7DE39D3E4CD0 Tselikh & Li sp. nov. Figs 11–19 Diagnosis.

Head in frontal view 1.15–1.25× as broad as high and 1.23–1.3× as broad as mesoscutum. Antenna with yellow or yellowish brown scape. POL 1.4–1.57× as long as OOL (female), 1.8–1.83 (male). Propodeum 0.67–0.87× as long as mesoscutellum and with full median carina. Mesoscutellum distinctly flat, 0.82–0.88× as long as broad. All femora yellow or sometime hind femora brown. Fore wing with basal cell bare; wing margin with cilia.

10.3897/jhr.99.186997.figures11-19 31DBCA8C-7EA1-5F71-AD92-496FDA4F6983

Syntomopus dzhanokmenia, sp. nov., holotype female (11–16), paratype male (17–19) 11, 18 body, lateral view 12 head, frontal view 13, 17 fore wing 14 head, dorsal view 15 antenna 16, 19 mesoscutellum, propodeum and petiole, dorsal view.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1724197 Description.

Female. Body length 2.1–2.5 mm; fore wing length 1.7–2.0 mm.

Coloration. Head and mesosoma blue green with metallic diffuse coppery luster; antenna with pedicel brown, anelli yellowish brown, F1–F6 and clava brown. All coxae green with metallic diffuse coppery luster; all tibiae and tarsi yellow. Fore wing hyaline, venation yellowish brown. Metasoma dorsally blue green with metallic diffuse coppery luster; ovipositor sheath brown.

Sculpture. Head and mesosoma reticulate; clypeus alutaceous; metasoma smooth and shiny.

Head. Head in dorsal view 2.21–2.37× as broad as long. Eye height 1.62–1.7× eye length and 2.8–2.83× as long as malar space. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.67–0.83× distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Antenna with scape 0.59–0.62× as long as eye height and 1.0–1.08× as long as eye length; pedicel 1.0–1.25× as long as broad; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 0.82–0.9× breadth of head; F1 1.0–1.3× as long as broad, F2–F3 subquadrate, F4–F6 transverse; clava 2.0–2.5× as long as broad, with small micropilose area on each C3 and C4. Lower margin of clypeus with 3 teeth.

Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.65–1.82× as long as broad. Frenal area of mesoscutellum weak and distinct only by sculpture. Propodeum with costula. Fore wing 2.2–2.5× as long as its maximum width; wing margin with cilia; basal vein with 0–4 setae; speculum open below; M 1.18–1.22× as long as PM and 2.1–2.25× as long as S; stigma small.

Metasoma. Metasoma 1.4–1.85× as long as broad, 0.52–0.55× as long as mesosoma, 0.4–0.45× as long as mesosoma and head combined. Petiole 1.75–2.1× as long as broad. Ovipositor sheath projecting slightly beyond apex of metasoma.

Male. Body length 2.0–2.3 mm; fore wing length 1.7–1.95 mm. Eye height 3.0× as long as malar space. Antenna with F1–F6 longer than broad. Combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.06–1.1× breadth of head. Otherwise similar to female.

 Etymology.

The species is named in honour of the prominent entomologist, Dr. Klarissa Alekseevna Dzhanokmen, an expert on Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera).

 Material examined.

Type material. Holotype: China • ♀; Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Aksu Prefecture, Awat County, Wuluquele Town, Jiangxing Community, Agricultural Market, Malaise trap, 40°36'15.05"N, 80°27'56.78"E, H: 1041 m, 16–31.VIII.2024, coll. Li Qin’s research team; (ICXU). Paratypes: Russia • ♀; Altay Reg., 8 km S Biysk, Ust’-Katun’, 7–8.VII.2007, coll. S. Belokobylskij; (ZISP) • ♀; Khabarovsk Reg., Khekhtsyr, 26.VII.1978, coll. D. Kaspsryan; (ZISP) • ♂; Primorsky Reg., Vladivostok, Okeanskaya, 11.VII.1961, coll. V. Tryapitsyn; (ZISP) • ♂; Sakhalin Prov., Kuril Isl., Kunashir, 25.VII.1981, coll. S. Belokobylskij; (ZISP) • ♀, ♂; Kuril Isl., Kunashir, 7 km S Lake Lagunnoe, 15.VIII.1989, coll. A. Lelej; (ZISP). Turkey • ♀♀; Adiyaman Reg., Besni, 6.VI.2006, coll. Tronci Ycrber and Williams; (ZISP). Kazakhstan • ♀; West Kazakhstan Reg., Janibek, 31.VIII.1977, coll. K. Dzhanokmen; (ZISP). China • ♀; Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Aksu Prefecture, Baicheng County, Provincial Highway 307, Misi Iron Township, Mi Village Walnut Orchard, Malaise trap, 43°39'.17"N, 81°44'12.08"E, H: 1220 m, 1–15.VI.2024, coll. Li Qin’s research team (ICXU).

 Distribution.

Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, China.

 Biology.

Unknown.

 Remarks.

This species is very similar to S. incurvus; the differences between these species are given in the key.

 Animalia Hymenoptera Pteromalidae 4763B74E-3242-566F-BD23-F6882D435A2E Syntomopus fuscipes Huang, 1991 Figs 20–25 Syntomopus fuscipes Huang, 1991: 82, 83–84, 85. Holotype female (IZAS, examined). Diagnosis.

The diagnosis is given only for males, since females are unknown. Head in frontal view 1.17× as broad as high. POL 1.99–2.2× as long as OOL. Eye height 2.27–2.3× as long as malar space. Propodeum 0.45–0.58× as long as mesoscutellum and with full median carina. Mesoscutellum flat, 1.08× as long as broad. Fore wing with basal cell partly pilose; M 1.0–1.1× as long as PM; wing margin with cilia.

10.3897/jhr.99.186997.figures20-25 1A7B3389-5977-5947-A47E-D651798E775A

Syntomopus fuscipes Huang, 1991, holotype male (20), paratype male (21–25) 20 body, dorsolateral view 21 mesosoma, dorsal view 22 head, frontal view 23 head, dorsal view 24 antenna 25 head, lateral view.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1724198 10.3897/jhr.99.186997.figures26-35 93886926-238F-5B9B-BE89-401FAC89DFCB

Syntomopus thoracicus Walker, 1833, lectotype female (Syntomopus incisus Thomson, 1878, syn. nov.) (26), not type female (27–31), not type male (32), lectotype male (Syntomopus thoracicus Walker, 1833) (33–35) 26 body, lateral view 27, 32 head, frontal view 28 antenna 29, 33 head, dorsal view 30, 34 fore wing 31, 35 mesosoma, dorsal view.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1724199 Description.

Male. Body length 1.4 mm; fore wing length 1.7 mm.

Coloration. Head blue green with metallic diffuse coppery luster; antenna with scape dark blue metallic; pedicel, anelli, F1–F6 and clava dark brown. Mesosoma green with metallic diffuse coppery luster. All coxae green with metallic diffuse coppery luster; all femora and tibiae brown or dark blue metallic, all tarsi yellowish brown. Fore wing hyaline, venation brown. Metasoma dorsally dark brown, laterally dark blue with metallic luster; ovipositor sheath brown.

Sculpture. Head and mesosoma reticulate; clypeus alutaceous; metasoma smooth and shiny.

Head. Head in dorsal view 2.16–2.26× as broad as long and 1.08–1.15× as broad as mesoscutum. Eye height 1.59–1.61× eye length Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.68–0.7× distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Antenna with scape 0.6–0.63× as long as eye height and as long as eye length; pedicel 1.2–1.24× as long as broad; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.03–1.1× breadth of head; F1 longer than broad, F2–F6 subquadrate; clava 2.21–2.25× as long as broad, with small micropilose area on each C3 and C4. Lower margin of clypeus with 3 teeth.

Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.7–1.8× as long as broad. Frenal area weak and distinct only by sculpture. Propodeum with costula. Fore wing with basal vein pilose; speculum open below; M 2–2.06× as long as S; stigma small.

Metasoma. Metasoma 1.5–1.55× as long as broad, 0.66–0.7× as long as mesosoma, 0.5–0.55× as long as mesosoma and head combined., petiole 2.1–2.35× as long as broad.

Female. Unknown.

 Material examined.

Type material. Holotype: China • ♂; “Mt. Xiaowutai (39.9°N, 115.0°E) Hebei Province, 14.VIII.1964, coll. Chen Tai-lu”, “Syntomopus fuscipes Huang HOLOTYPE ♀”; Paratype: same labels (IZAS).

 Distribution.

China (Huang 1991).

 Biology.

Unknown.

 Remarks.

The male of this species is similar to male S. agromyzae. The differences between these species are given in the key.

Examination of the paratype of Syntomopus fuscipes (Huang, 1991) revealed that the specimen had been incorrectly labelled as female. Therefore, the features described in the original publication characterize a male. Furthermore, no female specimens of this species are known.

 Animalia Hymenoptera Pteromalidae BECBDABA-BDD9-5D54-A814-DE704B84A1FA Syntomopus incurvus Walker, 1833 Figs 36–44 Syntomopus incurvus Walker, 1833: 372. Lectotype female (NHMUK, examined). Syntomopus dirce (Walker, 1839): 195. Synonymy by Graham (1969: 139). Syntomopus phylander (Walker, 1848): 111, 168. Synonymy by Graham (1969: 139). Syntomopus madizae (Rondani, 1877): 171. Synonymy by Bouček (1974: 257, 276). Diagnosis.

Head in frontal view 1.15–1.17× as broad as high and in dorsal view 1.08–1.1× as broad as mesoscutum. Antenna with scape dark brown or metallic dark blue green. POL 1.55–1.77× as long as OOL (female), 1.75–1.8 × (male). Propodeum 0.75–0.95× as long as mesoscutellum, with full median carina. Mesoscutellum distinctly flat, 0.85–0.9× as long as broad. All femora dark brown or metallic dark blue green. Basal cell of fore wing with 1–4 setae (female), 4–7 setae (male); wing margin with cilia.

10.3897/jhr.99.186997.figures36-44 C1C2CA99-2E53-58EA-AAA7-9CCC621C795E

Syntomopus incurvus Walker, 1833, not type female (36–39), lectotype female (40, 41), not type male (42–44) 36, 43 body, lateral view 37 head, frontal view 38 head, dorsal view 39 body, dorsal view 40, 42 fore wing 41 antenna 44 mesosoma, dorsal view.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1724200 Description.

Female. Body length 2.3–2.65 mm; fore wing length 2.0–2.5 mm.

Coloration. Head and mesosoma dark blue green or green blue, with metallic coppery luster; antenna with pedicel dark brown or metallic dark blue green; anelli, F1–F6 and clava brown. All coxae dark brown or metallic dark blue green; all tibiae yellowish brown or brown, all tarsi yellowish brown. Fore wing hyaline, venation brown. Metasoma dorsally dark brown with metallic blue green luster; ovipositor sheath brown.

Sculpture. Head and mesosoma reticulate; clypeus alutaceous; metasoma smooth and shiny.

Head. Head in dorsal view 2.10–2.35× as broad as long. Eye height 1.65–1.67× eye length and 2.9–3.1× as long as malar space. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.75–0.81× distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Antenna with scape 0.57–0.62× as long as eye height and 0.95–1.0× as long as eye length; pedicel 1.6–1.65× as long as broad; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 0.82–0.86× breadth of head; F1, sometimes F2 subquadrate, F2–F6 transverse; clava 1.6–1.65× as long as broad, with small micropilose area on each C3 and C4. Lower margin of clypeus with 3 teeth.

Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.87–2.1× as long as broad. Frenal area of mesoscutellum not distinct by sculpture. Propodeum with costula. Fore wing 2.1–2.14× as long as its maximum width; basal vein pilose; speculum open below; M 1.2–1.23× as long as PM and 1.8–2.25× as long as S; stigma small.

Metasoma. Metasoma 1.74–1.88× as long as broad, 0.7–0.83× as long as mesosoma, 0.55–0.69× as long as mesosoma and head combined. Petiole 1.7–1.85× as long as broad. Ovipositor sheath projecting slightly beyond apex of metasoma.

Male. Body length 2.0–2.3 mm; fore wing length 1.85–2.0 mm. Eye height 2.47–2.6× as long as malar space. Combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.06–1.1× breadth of head. Petiole 1.85–2.2× as long as broad. Metasoma 1.13–1.3× as long as broad, 0.46–0.6× as long as mesosoma, 0.38–0.47× as long as mesosoma and head combined. Otherwise similar to female.

 Material examined.

Type material. Lectotypus: United Kingdom • ♀; “Stood under this name in old B.M. Coll. C. Waterhouse”, “Syntomopus incurvus Walker”, “LECTOTYPE B.M. TYPE HYM 5.5013 incurvus”, “NHMUK 015667402”; (NHMUK). Additional material. Poland • 1 ♀; Zwierzyniec ad Zamosc, Roztoczanski P.N., mixed forest, 22–25.VII.2004, coll. S. Belokobylskij; (ZISP). Russia • 1 ♀, 5 ♂; Moscow Prov., Moscow, 27.VII.1952, coll. M. Nikol’skaya; (ZISP) • 1 ♂; Sakhalin Prov., Sakhalin Isl., Sokol Vill., 5–11.VII.2011, coll. E. Tselikh and D. Rachin; (ZISP) • 1 ♂; Simushir Isl., 9.VIII.1999, coll. A. Lelej; (ZISP) • 1 ♀; Urup Isl., 9.VIII.2000, coll. A. Lelej; (ZISP) • 1 ♀; Magadan Prov., 12 km N Seymgan, 24.VII.1975, coll. V. Marshakov; (ZISP) • 1 ♀; 12 km N Klepka, 50 km N Magadan, 13.VIII.1975, coll. A. Barkalov; (ZISP) • 1 ♀; Kamchatka Reg., 20 km N Kozyrevsk, 21.VII.1985, coll. S. Belokobylskij; (ZISP). Turkey • 2 ♀; Muğla Prov., Marmaris, 36°51'05"N, 28°13'25"E, 24.03–1.04.2022, coll. E. Tselikh and D. Rachin; (ZISP).

 Distribution.

Europe, Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, South Korea, China (Tselikh et al. 2022; Tselikh and Gençer 2023; UCD Community 2026).

 Biology.

Primary parasitoids of Melanagromyza aenea (Meigen, 1830), M. dettmeri Hering, 1933, M. tripolii Spencer, 1957 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) and Adaina microdactyla (Hübner, 1813) (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae) (UCD Community 2026).

 Remarks.

This species is similar to S. dzhanokmenia, sp. nov.; the differences between these species are given in the key.

 Animalia Hymenoptera Pteromalidae EB7BD142-E83F-5144-B880-BBD9C538F30F Syntomopus oviceps Thomson, 1878 Figs 45–54 Syntomopus oviceps Thomson, 1878: 24. Lectotype female (LUZN, examined). Diagnosis.

Head in frontal view 0.8–0.9× as broad as high (female), 0.91–1.1 × (male). POL 1.9–2.0× as long as OOL (female), 2.5–2.6 × (male). Fore wing with basal cell with 2–10 setae; basal vein pilose; M 1.3–1.43× as long as PM; wing margin with cilia.

10.3897/jhr.99.186997.figures45-54 8D2269C4-4080-5D29-965D-96173DB82588

Syntomopus oviceps Thomson, 1878, not type female (45–50), not type male (51–54) 45, 53 body, lateral view 46, 51 head, frontal view 47 fore wing 48, 52 head, dorsal view 49 antenna 50, 54 mesosoma, dorsal view.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1724201 Description.

Female. Body length 1.75–2.0 mm; fore wing length 1.5–1.85 mm.

Coloration. Head and mesosoma dark blue green, with metallic coppery luster; antenna with scape and pedicel dark brown or metallic dark blue green; anelli, F1–F6 and clava brown. All coxae and femora dark brown or metallic dark blue green; all tibiae brown, all tarsi yellowish brown. Fore wing hyaline, venation brown. Metasoma dorsally dark brown with metallic blue green luster; ovipositor sheath brown.

Sculpture. Head weakly reticulate, clypeus alutaceous; mesosoma reticulate; metasoma smooth and shiny.

Head. Head in dorsal view 1.85–2.2× as broad as long and 1.07–1.1× as broad as mesoscutum. POL 1.9–2.0× as long as OOL. Eye height 1.64–1.7× eye length and 2.8–3.2× as long as malar space. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.6–0.8× distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Antenna with scape 0.54–0.64× as long as eye height and 0.78–0.9× as long as eye length; pedicel 1.50–1.62× as long as broad; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 0.8–0.97× breadth of head; F1–F6 transverse; clava 1.73–1.78× as long as broad, with small micropilose area on each C3 and C4. Lower margin of clypeus with 3 teeth.

Mesosoma. Mesosoma 2.27–2.36× as long as broad. Mesoscutellum distinctly flat, 1.0–1.1× as long as broad, frenal area not distinct by sculpture. Propodeum 0.77–0.96× as long as mesoscutellum, with costula and not full or weak in middle median carina. Fore wing 2.3–2.6× as long as its maximum width; speculum open below; 2.1–2.2× as long as S; stigma small.

Metasoma. Metasoma 1.93–2.0× as long as broad, 0.82–0.95× as long as mesosoma, 0.65–0.7× as long as mesosoma and head combined. Petiole 1.8–1.85× as long as broad. Ovipositor sheath projecting slightly beyond apex of metasoma.

Male. Body length 1.5–1.65 mm; fore wing length 1.3–1.4 mm. Combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.13–1.15× breadth of head. Petiole 1.95–2.0× as long as broad. Metasoma 1.25–1.3× as long as broad, 0.5–0.63× as long as mesosoma, 0.43–0.55× as long as mesosoma and head combined. Otherwise similar to female.

 Material examined.

Type material. Lectotypus: Sweden • ♀; “Ld”, “♀”, “oviceps Ths”, “Lectotypus Syntomopus oviceps Thomson desig. Graham”, “Lectotypus S. oviceps Ths. V. Delucchi det.”, “TYPE”, “Zool. Mus. Lund Sweden Pteromalidae Type No 142:1”; (LUZN). Additional material. Russia • 1 ♂; Bryansk Prov., 15 km E Pochen, Uruch’e, 52°55.00'N, 33°57.50'E, 20.VIII.2020, coll. O. Kosheleva; (ZISP) • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Irkutsk Prov., Tal’tsy Vill., 51°59'40"N, 104°39'58"E, 20.VII.2019, coll. E. Tselikh; (ZISP). Kazakhstan • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Dzungarian Alatau, 10 km W Kokshut, 25.VI.1962, coll. V. Tobias; (ZISP).

 Distribution.

Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan (new record), China (UCD Community 2026).

 Biology.

Primary parasitoids of Phytomyza flavicornis Fallen, 1823 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) (UCD Community 2026).

 Remarks.

Syntomopus oviceps Thomson can be clearly distinguished from other Syntomopus species due to its elongated head shape. The other differences are given in the key.

 Animalia Hymenoptera Pteromalidae E704D55E-4287-5607-9355-0AEA83ADF341 Syntomopus thoracicus Walker, 1833 Figs 26–35 Syntomopus thoracicus Walker, 1833: 372. Lectotype male (NHMUK, examined). Syntomopus incisus Thomson, 1878: 23. Lectotype female (LUZN, examined), syn. nov. Syntomopus crassicornis (Szelényi, 1970): 326–327. Holotype female (HNHM, examined), syn. nov. Diagnosis.

Head in frontal view 1.23–1.24× as broad as high. POL 1.2–1.45× as long as OOL (female), 1.85–2.2 × (male). Propodeum with not full median carina. Fore wing with M 0.92–1.25× as long as PM; wing margin with cilia.

 Description.

Female. Body length 2.5–2.6 mm; fore wing length 1.5–1.65 mm.

Coloration. Head and mesosoma dark blue or black, sometimes with metallic luster; antenna with scape dark brown or dark blue metallic; pedicel, anelli, F1–F6 and clava brown. All coxae dark blue or black; all femora and tibiae brown or dark blue metallic, all tarsi yellowish brown. Fore wing hyaline, venation brown. Metasoma dorsally dark brown or dark blue with metallic luster; ovipositor sheath brown.

Sculpture. Head and mesosoma reticulate; clypeus alutaceous; metasoma smooth and shiny.

Head. Head in dorsal view 2.4–2.55× as broad as long and 1.2–1.23× as broad as mesoscutum. Eye height 1.6–1.8× eye length and 2.45–2.7× as long as malar space. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.54–0.6× distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Antenna with scape 0.6–0.66× as long as eye height and 1.05× as long as eye length; pedicel 1.75–1.8× as long as broad; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 0.7–0.8× breadth of head; F1 longer than broad, F2–F4 subquadrate, F5–F6 transverse; clava 1.67–1.8× as long as broad, with small micropilose area on each C3 and C4. Lower margin of clypeus with 3 teeth.

Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.75–1.9× as long as broad. Mesoscutellum distinctly flat, 0.89–0.91× as long as broad, frenal area not distinct by sculpture. Propodeum 0.71–0.8× as long as mesoscutellum, with costula. Fore wing 2.25–2.3× as long as its maximum width; wing margin with cilia; basal cell with 0–1 setae; basal vein pilose; speculum open below; M 1.65–1.87× as long as S; stigma small.

Metasoma. Metasoma 2.0–2.17× as long as broad, 0.8–0.95× as long as mesosoma, 0.7–0.73× as long as mesosoma and head combined. Petiole 1.8–1.9× as long as broad. Ovipositor sheath projecting slightly beyond apex of metasoma.

Male. Body length 1.9–2.1 mm; fore wing length 1.5–1.6 mm. Head in dorsal view 2.1–2.25× as broad as long. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.8–0.9× distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Combined length of pedicel and flagellum 1.17–1.2× breadth of head. Metasoma 1.4–1.68× as long as broad. Otherwise similar to female.

 Material examined.

Type material. Paratypes: Sweden • ♀; “Hg”, “S. incisus Th. LECTOTYPUS M. de R. G.”, “Type No 143:1 Zool. Mus. Lund Sweden Pteromalidae”; (LUZN). United Kingdom • ♂; “Stood under this name in old B.M. Coll. C. Waterhouse”, “Syntomopus thoracicus Walker”, “B.M. TYPE HYM 5.3531”, “LECTOTYPE”, “NHMUK 015667458”; (NHMUK). Hungary • ♀; “Csobánka 12.IV.1961 leg. Szelényi”, “Holotypus”, “Holotypus Dudichilla crassicornis Szel.”, “Hym. Typ. No. 2522 Mus. Budapest”, “Hungarian Natural History Museum Hymenoptera Coll. Budapest”, “Syntomopus crassicornis det. By R.A. Burks, 2009”; (HNHM). Additional material. Republic of Moldova • 1 ♀; Plot’, 16.VII.1958, coll. V. Talitskiy; (ZISP). Czech Republic • 1 ♀; Bohemia, Rana, ex. Cirsium eriophorum, 4.VI.1957, coll. Z. Bouček; (ZISP). Russia • 1 ♀; Krasnodar Prov., Sochi, Lazarevskoe, 29.VII.2009, coll. E. Tselikh and D. Rachin; (ZISP) • 1 ♀; Sverdlovsk Prov., Dvurechensk, 56°36.088'N, 61°03.425'E, 24.VII.2017, coll. K. Fadeev; (ZISP) • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Altay Reg., Biryuzovaya Katun’, 8 km S Manzherok, 16–18.VIII.2018, coll. E. Tselikh; (ZISP) • 1 ♀; Irkutsk Prov., Tal’tsy, 51°59'40"N, 104°39'58"E, 20.VII.2019, coll. E. Tselikh; (ZISP) • 1 ♀; Khabarovsk Reg., Khekhtsyr, 22.VII.1981, coll. E. D. Kaspsryan; (ZISP) • 2 ♀; Primorsky Reg., Shkotovsky Dist., 25 km NE Mnogoudobnoe, 19.IX.1987, coll. V. Kostyukov; (ZISP) • 1 ♀; Spassk-Dal’niy, 2–4.VII.2001, coll. S. Belokobylskij; (ZISP). Uzbekistan • 1 ♂; Karakul'Reserve, 15 km S Alat, 29.IV.1980, coll. D. Kaspsryan; (ZISP). Kazakhstan • 1 ♀; 12 km W Alma-Aty, 25.V.1970, coll. K. Dzhanokmen; (ZISP).

 Distribution.

Europe, Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (new record), South Korea, China (Tselikh et al. 2022; UCD Community 2026).

 Biology.

Primary parasitoids of Melanagromyza aenea (Meigen, 1830), M. aeneoventris (Fallén, 1823), M. dettmeri Hering, 1933, M. lappae (Loew, 1850) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) and Phanacis hypochoeridis (Kieffer, 1887) (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) (UCD Community, 2026)

 Remarks.

Examination of the holotype (female) of Syntomopus crassicornis (Szelényi), the lectotype (female) of S. incisus Thomson, and the lectotype (male) of S. thoracicus Walker, as well as additional material from Europe, Russia and Central Asia containing specimens of both sexes, confirmed their conspecifity with S. thoracicus based on the characters reflected in this species’ diagnosis. Consequently, the species Syntomopus incisus and S. crassicornis are synonymised under S. thoracicus.

In Graham and Hedqvist’s identification keys (Graham 1969; Hedqvist 1973), S. thoracicus is incorrectly characterised as having a propodeum with a full median carina. However, the lectotype of S. thoracicus has a propodeum with incomplete median carina (Fig. 35). Consequently, S. thoracicus was mistakenly considered similar to S. incurvus; however, the two species can be clearly distinguished by the following characteristics: head and mesosoma dark blue or black (Figs 26, 35), pedicel 1.17–1.35 times as long as F1 (Fig. 28), and propodeum with an incomplete median carina (Figs 31, 35) in S. thoracicus, vs dark blue-green or green-blue with a metallic copper lustre (Figs 39, 44), pedicel 1.0–1.05 times as long as F1 (Fig. 41), and propodeum with a complete median carina (Figs 39, 44) in S. incurvus.

In addition, S. thoracicus is very similar to S. turanicus Dzhanokmen, the differences between these species are given in the key.

 Animalia Hymenoptera Pteromalidae ED659CAE-12BE-5DB4-B2C3-4B2F302DC379 Syntomopus turanicus Dzhanokmen, 2000 Figs 55–61 Syntomopus turanicus Dzhanokmen, 2000: 221–222. Holotype female (ZISP, not examined). Diagnosis.

Head in frontal view 1.2× as broad as high. POL 1.7× as long as OOL (female), 1.77–1.8 × (male). Propodeum with not full median carina. Fore wing with M 1.4–1.6× as long as PM; wing margin without cilia.

10.3897/jhr.99.186997.figures55-61 DF96B525-96B4-5D1A-A320-8990BD964ACA

Syntomopus turanicus Dzhanokmen, 2000, not type male (55–61) 55 body, lateral view 56 fore wing 57 body, dorsal view 58 head, frontal view 59 antenna 60 mesoscutellum, propodeum and petiole, dorsal view 61 head and pronotum, dorsal view.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1724202 Description.

Female (by Dzhanokmen 2000). Body length 2.7 mm; fore wing length 2.3 mm.

Coloration. Head and mesosoma dark blue, with metallic coppery luster; antenna with scape dark blue and pedicel dark brown or metallic dark blue green; anelli, F1–F6 and clava brown. All coxae dark blue, all femora metallic dark blue green; all tibiae yellowish brown, all tarsi yellow. Fore wing hyaline, venation brown. Metasoma dorsally dark green, with metallic coppery luster; ovipositor sheath brown.

Sculpture. Head weakly reticulate, clypeus alutaceous; mesosoma reticulate; metasoma smooth and shiny.

Head. Head in dorsal view 2.55× as broad as long and 1.05× as broad as mesoscutum. Eye height 1.9× eye length and 2.5× as long as malar space. Distance between antennal toruli and lower margin of clypeus 0.75× distance between antennal toruli and median ocellus. Antenna with scape 0.65× as long as eye height and 1.05× as long as eye length; pedicel 1.55× as long as broad; combined length of pedicel and flagellum 0.75× breadth of head; F1 longer than broad, F2–F3 subquadrate, F4–F6 transverse; clava 1.4× as long as broad, with small micropilose area on each C3 and C4. Lower margin of clypeus with 3 teeth.

Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.75× as long as broad. Mesoscutellum distinctly flat, 1.0× as long as broad, frenal area not distinct by sculpture. Propodeum 0.7× as long as mesoscutellum, with costula. Fore wing 2.2× as long as its maximum width; basal cell with 0–1 setae; basal vein 0–3 setae; speculum open below; 2.0× as long as S; stigma small.

Metasoma. Metasoma 1.7× as long as broad, 0.7× as long as mesosoma, 0.55× as long as mesosoma and head combined. Petiole 1.8× as long as broad. Ovipositor sheath projecting slightly beyond apex of metasoma.

Male. Body length 2.0–2.2 mm; fore wing length 1.5–1.7 mm. POL 1.77–1.8× as long as OOL. Combined length of pedicel and flagellum 0.93–0.95× breadth of head; clava 2.5× as long as broad. Petiole 1.6–1.8× as long as broad. Metasoma 1.3–1.42× as long as broad, 0.5–0.6× as long as mesosoma, 0.4–0.44× as long as mesosoma and head combined. Otherwise similar to female.

 Material examined.

Additional material. Kazakhstan • 2 ♂; Akmolinsk Prov., Sherkol’ Lake, 29.VI.1958, coll. V. Tobias; (ZISP).

 Distribution.

Kazakhstan (Dzhanokmen 2000).

 Biology.

Primary parasitoids of Diptera, Agromyzidae (UCD Community 2026).

 Remarks.

This species is very similar to S. thoracicus; the differences between these species are given in the key. The description of the female is based on the original description (Dzhanokmen 2000). However, holotype may have been lost as it probably was not returned to the ZISP. Only a few male specimens not belonging to the type material were found in the collection of ZISP.

 Acknowledgements

The authors are very thankful to Natalie Dale-Skey (Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom), Rune Bygebjerg (Zoological Museum of the Lund University, Lund, Sweden) and Zoltán Vas (Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary), they provided comprehensive assistance with our work at the Hymenoptera collections. We are grateful to all referees for their valuable comments.

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Order VII. Hymenoptera Linn. (Piezata Fab.). Introduction to the modern classification of insects founded on the natural habits and corresponding organisation; with observations on the economy and transformations of the different families. 2(XIII) (appendix): 49–80. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12455 Additional information Conflict of interest

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

 Ethical statement

No ethical statement was reported.

 Artificial Intelligence (AI) use

The authors accept full responsibility for the content of the manuscript, including the disclosure of any use of AI.

No AI tools were used in the preparation of this manuscript.

 Funding

This work was partially funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (project no. 2023D01C14) and partially funded by Russian State Research (project No. 125012901042-9).

 Author contributions

All authors have contributed equally.

 Author ORCIDs

X. Li https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3929-9921

H. Xiao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4049-9988

E.V. Tselikh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9184-043X

 Data availability

All of the data that support the findings of this study are available in the main text.