3 Female of Quartinia major visiting disc florets on a capitulum of Pulicaria mauritanica. The proterandric disc florets open from the outer ones inwards. The mouthparts of the female are situated in the zone where disc florets are in an early male phase of anthesis 4 Location of nest CH of Q. major at locality I 5 Nest entrance of nest GB (viewed at an angle) 6 Nest entrance of nest CH (viewed from above) 7 Female of nest CH partly backed out of the turret moving slightly around her longitudinal axis with her mouthparts orientated towards the inner surface of the turret wall 8 Female of nest CH backing out of the nest carrying a load of soil particles with her mouthparts (visible between fore and mid femur).