Young galls of Iraella hispanica in flowers of Papaver rhoeas and their inhabitants. a Gall b Transverse section of the gall showing gall chambers with larvae of Iraella c Mature terminal-instar larva of Iraella with an ectoparasitic intermediate-stage larva of Parnips sp. B. d Intermediate-stage larva of Parnips sp. B.
Part of: Ronquist F, Nylander JAA, VĂ¥rdal H, Nieves-Aldrey JL (2018) Life history of Parnips and the evolutionary origin of gall wasps. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 65: 91-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.65.24115