New species of Plesiocoelus van Achterberg and Mesocoelus Schulz ( Hymenoptera , Braconidae ) from Brazil

Three new species from Brazil, Plesiocoelus anomalus sp. n., P. areolatus sp. n. and Mesocoelus lobatus sp. n., are described and illustrated, and new records for Plesiocoelus bassiformis van Achterberg are also included. A key to the species of both genera is provided.


Introduction
Plesiocoelus bassiformis van Achterberg, 1990 is the type species and the only described species of the genus.It is characterized by the apically reduced fore wing venation and the merging of discal and first submarginal cells.It has been recorded from Colombia, Ecuador and Honduras (Yu et al. 2012).There are no biological data for the genus.
The genus Mesocoelus Schulz, 1918 is recorded from Cuba and Saint Vincent (Yu et al. 2012) and the two known species so far are parasitoids of Acrocercops sp. and Chilocampylla psidiella Busck (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) (van Achterberg 1990).It has reduced apical wing venation, as in Plesiocoelus, but differs by the absence of veins 1m-cu and 2RS in the fore wing (Sharkey 2006).
Those morphological similarities led van Achterberg (1990) to revalidate the status of the subtribe Mesocoelina Viereck, also including the genus Aneurobracon Brues, 1930.Despite these similarities the subtribe is not consistent phylogenetically.The clade Aneurobracon + Mesocoelus was not recovered in some analyses in Sharkey et al (2006), but the morphological similarities led the authors to propose them as sister groups (Shakey et al. 2006(Shakey et al. , 2009)).The genus Plesiocoelus was recovered in some analyses as closely related to some clades of Bassus s.l.(Sharkey et al. 2006).The generic concept of Bassus s.l. has gone through changes and split into other genera; now Plesiocoelus is thought to be the sister group of Zacremnops Sharkey & Wharton and Therophilus Wesmael (Sharkey et al. 2009) In this paper, we describe two new species of Plesiocoelus and a new species of Mesocoelus and we include new distribution records for P. bassiformis.A key to the species of both genera is provided.

Methods
The examined specimens are deposited in the DCBU Collection (Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil); all were collected in Brazil in the States of Amazonas, Minas Gerais and São Paulo with Malaise traps.The genera were identified using the key by Sharkey (2006) and the species were compared with the description and illustrations in van Achterberg (1990).The morphological terminology follows Wharton (1997), except for "precoxal sulculs" which replaces "sternaulus".The colour photographs were taken and edited with a Leica® M205C with LAS image software.
Hind wing.Mostly infumate and hyaline near apex, vein CUb present and tubular, vein 1M widened and with small cell (Fig. 11).
Legs.All legs smooth, length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 5.0, 10.7, 8 times their width, respectively.Apex of hind tibia with 15 pegs.Length of hind spur 0.25 times hind basitarsus.
Colour.Head black, except ocelli dark yellow; clypeus, mandible, maxillary and labial palpi and glossa yellow.Mesosoma brown, but propleuron, basal half of pronotum, metanotum, propodeum and ventral margin of metapleuron black.Legs yellow except for brownish to black fore and mid telotarsi; lateral area of hind coxa, hind trochanter, hind trochantellus, base of femur, apex of tibia, hind basitarsus and hind tarsus brownish.Metasoma brown to black, but ventrally yellowish.
Diagnosis.This species differs from all other species of Plesiocoelus by the mostly brown mesosoma, completely yellowish legs and striate T1.
Etymology.This species is named after the unique shape of vein 1M of the hind wing (Fig. 11).
Biology.Unknown.Distribution.Only known from the type locality in Brazil.Head.Antenna with 34 segments, whitish setose, length of third segment equal to fourth, length of third, fourth and penultimate segments 3.0, 3.0 and 1.5 times their width, respectively.Maxillary palp with 5 segments and its length 0.5 times height of head.Length of eye in dorsal view 2.1 times temple.OOL: diameter of ocellus: POL = 25:12.5:15.Head completely smooth, with long whitish setae on lateral parts of face, length of malar space 1.5 times basal width of mandible.
Hind wing.Hyaline, vein CUb present as a very short stub.Vein 1M normal.
Legs.All legs smooth, length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 5.0, 10.0, 6.0 times their width, respectively.Length of hind spur 0.5 times length of hind basitarsus.
Metasoma.All terga completely smooth, T1 1.2 times as long as its apical width.Length of ovipositor about 1.4 times fore wing.
Colour.Black, except pedicellus and base of scape dark brown; mandibles, maxillary and labial palps yellowish; fore and mid legs dark brown, hind leg dark brown with femur orange brownish and tibial spurs yellowish.Tegula brownish.Metasoma ventrally yellowish, ovipositor sheath dark brown.
Diagnosis.This species is closely related to Plesiocoelus bassiformis but it differs by the anteriorly crenulate notauli, the completely smooth precoxal sulcus, the larger propodeal areola (covering most of the length of the propodeum) and the longer ovipositor sheath (about 1.4 times fore wing).
Etymology.This species is named after the large propodeal areola.Biology.Unknown.Distribution.Only known from the type locality in Brazil.Head.Antenna with 25 segments, whitish setose, length of third segment equal to fourth, length of third, fourth and penultimate segments 2.0, 2.0 and 1.2 times their width, respectively.Maxillary palp with 5 segments and its length 0.7 times height of head.Length of eye in dorsal view 2.2 times temple.OOL: diameter of ocellus: POL = 25:10:20.Head completely smooth with long whitish setae on lateral parts of face; length of malar space 1.5 times basal width of mandible.
Colour.Black, except antenna dark brown; mandible, maxillary and labial palpi yellowish.Fore and mid legs yellowish with coxae and telotarsi brown.Hind leg dark brown.Metasoma ventrally yellowish, ovipositor sheath dark brown.
Diagnosis.This species differs from the two previously described species by the presence of notauli on the mesoscutum and the mid and hind tarsal claws with basal lobes.
Etymology.This species is named after the presence of tarsal lobes Biology.Unknown.Distribution.Only known from the type locality in Brazil.Vein 1M of hind wing widened and with a small cell (Fig. 11).Mesosoma mostly brown (Figs 6,8,9).Hind femur yellow.T1 striate (Fig. 12