Corresponding author: Akira Shimizu (
Academic editor: Maksim Proshchalykin
The new genus
Shimizu A, Pitts JP, Yoshimura J, Wahis R (2021) New genus and species of Pompilinae spider wasps from the Oriental Region (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae). In: Proshchalykin MYu, Gokhman VE (Eds) Hymenoptera studies through space and time: A collection of papers dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Arkady S. Lelej. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 84: 339–359.
In the course of studying the systematics of spider wasps (
In this paper, we create a new genus,
Holotypes were photographed with a digital camera (Nikon Coolpix 4500 and MDC lens equipped with a stereo microscope Leitz TS and a transmitted light microscope Leitz Dialux). Photographs were stacked by using CombineZM (
The terminology for general morphology, including the wing veins and cells, follows
The names of institutions in which specimens examined are deposited are abbreviated as follows:
This genus differs from other genera of the subfamily
Of these features, the very sharply grooved outer orbit in both sexes, placoid sensilla on the flagellomeres, a pair of large, medially directed lateral hooks on S6, the very short, peg-like paramere, and the very broad and sinuate parapenial lobe in the male are unique to this genus. Our preliminary phylogenomics strongly support the close relationship of the genus with
Clypeus slightly convex with lateral margin strongly slanted, apicolateral corner broadly rounded (Figs
Pronotum with dorsum steeply sloping anteriorly, merging into declivity, latter being short and almost vertical (Figs
Fore tibia with several short spines internally. Fore tibial spur pale yellow. Fore tarsus lacking tarsal comb, without spines interiorly and exteriorly (Fig.
The Oriental Region (Thailand, Malaysia and Taiwan).
The generic name is derived from the type species, of which the female mesosoma is orange-red for most part. The name is considered masculine.
1 | Thorax (mesosoma except propodeum) dark in coloration, almost black (Fig. |
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– | Thorax mostly orange-red (Figs |
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2 | Gena, in dorsal view, very thin, abruptly receding posteriorly (Fig. |
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– | Gena, in dorsal view, not very thin, roundly receding posteriorly (Fig. |
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1 | Frons, in profile, spherically convex (Fig. |
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– | Frons, in profile, gently convex (Figs |
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2 | Thorax usually dark rufous (Fig. |
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– | Thorax mostly orange-red (Fig. |
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Pubescence on body and legs mostly silvery, but that on following sericeous: upper frons, vertex, mesosoma dorsally (except for propodeum posteriorly), upper meso- and metapleura, metasomal terga anteriorly and posteriorly, metasomal sterna posteriorly, fore tibia and tarsus, and mid and hind tarsi.
Head 1.3–1.4 (1.3) × as broad as long. Vertex not convex between eye tops (Fig.
Pronotum with posterior margin subangulate medially (Fig.
Mid tibia with five to eight spines externally and two or three spines internally. Hind tibia with six to eight spines externally and five to seven spines internally. Longer spur of hind tibia 0.63–0.71 (0.69) × hind tarsomere 1.
Head 1.3 × as broad as long. Vertex, in frontal view, raised in ocellar area above level of eye tops (Fig.
Pronotum, in dorsal view, distinctly narrowing anteriorly (Fig.
Mid tibia with five or six spines externally and two or three short spines internally. Hind tibia with five to eight spines externally and four or five spines internally. Longer spur of hind tibia 0.65–0.83 × hind tarsomere 1.
Fore and hind wings as shown in Fig.
The species name is derived from its locality, i.e., Malaysia.
Head 1.4 × as broad as long. Vertex, in frontal view, almost transversely straight but slightly raised in ocellar area (Fig.
Pronotum gently and arcuately emarginate posteriorly (Fig.
Mid tibia with four spines externally and one spine internally; hind tibia with five or six spines externally and five spines internally (Fig.
Head 1.3 × as broad as long. Vertex distinctly convex between eye tops (Fig.
Metapostnotum very short, 0.06 × as long as metanotum at midline.
Mid tibia with very small spines dorsally, three spines externally and two spines internally. Hind tibia with spines longer than those on mid tibia, five or six spines externally and three or four spines internally. Longer spur of hind tibia 0.65 × hind tarsomere 1.
The species name is derived from its locality, i.e., Taiwan.
Pubescence on dorsal part of mesosoma except for blackish part of propodeum,
Head 1.3–1.4 (1.4) × as broad as long. Vertex slightly convex between eye tops (Fig.
Pronotum with posterior margin gently arcuate or subangulate medially (Fig.
Mid tibia with about five spines externally, two or three spines internally (Fig.
Head 1.3–1.5 × as broad as long. Vertex, in frontal view, distinctly convex above level of eye tops (Fig.
Mid tibia with four to six spines externally and two to six spines internally. Hind tibia with four or eight spines externally and four to six spines internally. Longer spur of hind tibia 0.67–0.82 × hind tarsomere 1.
The species name is derived from its locality, i.e., Thailand.
In recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, the monophyly of the subfamily
The mid and hind femora have one or several small spines set in grooves or pits apicodorsally (
In practice, however, this characteristic is found not solely in
This feature is also found in
Spines at the apex of the hind tibia are of unequal length, more or less splayed out and irregularly spaced (
This is a good feature for
A cluster of the
This characteristic is not applicable to a few
The prementum has a preapical circular, or heart- or spade-shaped membranous area (
This feature is applicable to almost all members of
We thank Dr. A. S. Lelej (Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia) for his help in various ways in the course of our studies on spider wasps. We also thank G. Broad (Natural History Museum, London, UK) for the examination of various specimens from the world, and A. Harris (Otago Museum, Dunedin, New Zealand), R. A. Cambra (University of Panama, Panama City, Panama) and two anonymous reviewers for critically reviewing the manuscript and making important suggestions. This research was supported by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University, and approved as journal paper number 9473.