Mean (± SEM) responses of M. beecheii foragers to labial gland and mandibular gland extracts at different concentrations. Different small letters (P < 0.05) indicate significant differences between treatments. Ten replications were performed for each gland equivalent extract. LGE=labial gland equivalent, MGE=mandibular gland equivalent, C=control.

 
 
  Part of: Espadas-Pinacho K, Grajales-Conesa J, Rojas JC, Cruz-López L (2023) Melipona beecheii (Hymenoptera, Apidae) foragers deposit a chemical mark on food to attract conspecifics. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 96: 155-166. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.98127