Female. Length, 6.0 mm. Entirely black; wings uniformly infuscated. Antennal length 3.0× head width; 3rd antennomere 0.7× length of 4th antennomere. Malar space 2.0× diameter of front ocellus. Lower interocular distance 1.4× eye height. Tarsal claw with long inner tooth, almost equal in length and width to outer tooth; with very small, indistinct basal lobe. Fore and hind basitarsomere subequal in length to following 3 tarsomeres combined. Sheath from above broad at base, evenly tapering to acute apex; in lateral view rounded with long, curved hairs (Fig. 2). Lancet (Fig. 3) broadly triangular; annuli without teeth or hairs; basal 6 annuli curved dorsally; serrulae lobelike, asymmetrical, with fine subbasal teeth.

Male. Not seen. Described as similar to the female and male genitalia illustrated by Takeuchi (1956).

“THAILAND Mae Hong Son, Namtok Mae Surin NP, Visitor's center, 19°21.593'N, 97°59.254'E , 228 m, Malaise trap, 19–26.viii.2007, Manu Namadkum leg., T5872"; “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok NP, Doi Phaluang, 20°1.06'N, 99°9.581'E , 1449 m, Malaise trap, 14–21.x.2007, P. Wongchai leg., T6187"; “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok NP, Doi Phaluang, 20°0.966'N, 99°9.579'E , 1449 m, Malaise trap, 7–14.viii.2007, Komwuan Srisom & Prasit Wongchai leg., T2850" (QSBG, USNM).

This species belongs to the tribe Cladiini, characterized by the forewing venation: vein M meeting Sc+R close to the point where Rs meets Sc+R and vein 2A+3A complete, fused with 1A at its center and forming a basal anal cell. For Cladiini, Benson recorded Priophorus nigricans (Cameron) and Pristiphora brullei Dahlbom from Myanmar, and Cladius pectinicornis (Geoffroy) from the Himalayas. All three have a narrow, well-sclerotized lancet with lateral teeth on the annuli, not the Trichiocampus-like saw as in Fig. 3, which is broadly triangular, lacks annular spines or hairs, and has deep, rounded serrulae.

I refer the Thai specimens to Trichiocampus pruni because of their similarity to the description and illustrations of Trichiocampus pruni provided by Takeuchi (1956). The serrulae of the Thai specimens are slightly more asymmetric than those illustrated by Takeuchi, but other than this they appear identical. Trichiocampus pruni was described from the Kuriles and Japan (Hokkaido and Honshu) and has since been recorded in China (Nie and Wei 2009), so it is not improbable that it could occur as far south as Thailand.

Nie and Wei (2009) included Trichiocampus pruni in their key to the Trichiocampus species of China. It is the only entirely black species they treat. In the key, two groups of Trichiocampus are distinguished in the first couplet, one with the fore- and hind basitarsomeres distinctly shorter than the three following tarsomeres together and the other with the fore- and hind basitarsomeres longer than the three following tarsomeres together. Trichiocampus pruni is included with those species with the fore and hind basitarsomeres “distinctly shorter” that the three following tarsomeres together. Takeuchi (1956) described the front basitarsomere about as long as the three following together, and in the Thai specimens, the fore and hind basitarsomeres are subequal to the length of the three following tarsomeres together; thus, the Thai specimens examined could not be keyed past couplet one in Nie and Wei (2009).

I consider Trichiocampus as a valid genus, following Smith (1974), Smith (1979), and Nie and Wei (2009). Trichiocampus pruni is therefore not a secondary homonym, and the replacement name Cladius takeuchii is unnecessary. Therefore I use Trichiocampus pruni as the valid name (ICZN 1999, Article 59.4).

Female. Length, 4.5 mm. Head black with clypeus brown and mouthparts white. Thorax black with posterior angles or pronotum and tegulae white; small orange-brown spot on central posterior margin of mesepisternum. Legs white with femora light orange. Abdomen brown, lighter than thorax, with narrow posterior margin of segments white; sheath black; 9th tergite, cercus, and apical sternite orange brown. Wings hyaline; veins and stigma brown with extreme bases of veins white.

Head and thorax shiny, with fine white pubescence; abdomen shiny with very fine microsculpture on tergites. Antennal length (apical antennomere missing) about 2.1× head width; 3rd antennomere subequal in length to 4th antennomere. Clypeus circularly emarginated, emargination about half medial length of clypeus. Malar space about 1.5× diameter of front ocellus. Postocellar area 3.6× broader than long. Left mandible evenly tapering from base to apex. Distance between eye and lateral ocellus about 1.2× distance between lateral ocelli. Lower interocular distance 1.6× eye height. In dorsal view, head rounded behind eyes, distance behind eyes about 0.8× eye length. Forewing with 2A+3A straight; 2r present; crossvein 2r-m absent; intercostal crossvein basal to M. Hind basitarsomere subequal to length of following 3 tarsomeres combined. Tarsal claws simple. Tibial spurs short, inner spur about 0.4× length of basitarsomere. Sheath simple (Fig. 6), from above broad at base evenly tapering to acute apex; hairs straight. Cerci shorter than sheath in dorsal view. Lancet long, slender, well sclerotized, serrulae most evident on apical third; annuli with short, stout spines (Fig. 7).

Male. Unknown.

Female labeled “Thailand, Soi Dao, 500-1850 m., sweep, UTM 1429610, Jan. 16, 2005, Sharkey” (QSBG).

The species is named for the collector, M. J. Sharkey, University of Kentucky.

This species is assigned to Dineura. It shares most characters with species of Dineura except for the simple tarsal claws and absence of vein 2r-m in the forewing: broad malar space, emarginated clypeus, forewing with vein 2r present, intercostal crossvein basal to vein M, and similarities of the sheath and lancet. All other species have the tarsal claw with long inner tooth. The lancet is almost identical to species in Pristiphora subgenus Sharliphora, previously known as the Pristiphora ambigua group. The lancets of the three Pristiphora (Sharliphora) species are illustrated by Wong (1969: Figs 1–6), and that of Pristiphora amphibola (Förster) is the closest. However, Dineura sharkeyi shares most characters with Dineura and cannot be a Pristiphora.

Dineura sharkeyi differs from the two species known from China, Dineura blanki Wei and Dineura testaceipes (Klug) by the simple tarsal claws and long lancet with short annular spines. Other species of the genus have a long inner tooth on the tarsal claws and the lancet is shorter and broader and usually with long annular teeth on the central segments (Wei 2002b, Schmidt and Walter 1995).

Female. Length, 8.0 mm. Antenna black. Head black with clypeus light orange, apex of mandible red brown, labrum and maxilla white to light orange with upper surfaces mostly black. Thorax and abdomen orange; sheath black. Legs orange with apical foretarsomere black, midtarsus brown to black, and apical half of hind femur, tibia, and tarsus black. Wings hyaline; veins and stigma black.

Head smooth, shiny, without punctures. Antennal length 2.3× head width; 3rd antennomere 1.2× length of 4th antennomere. Clypeus short, broad, about 4.0× broader than long, slightly broadly emarginated in front. Malar space short, about 0.25× diameter of front ocellus. Left mandible evenly tapering from base to apex. Distance between eye and hind ocellus subequal to distance between hind ocelli; postocellar area about 2.0× broader than long. Lower interocular distance about 1.1× eye height. Forewing with 3 cubital cells; intercostal crossvein absent; crossvein 2r present in one wing, absent in the other. Pulvilli small, on tarsomeres 1–4. Inner hind tibial spur about ¼ length of hind basitarsomere and equal to width of hind tibia at apex. Hind basitarsomere 1.1× length of remaining tarsomeres combined. Tarsal claws with long inner tooth, equal in length to outer tooth. Sheath from above broad, with short lateral scopae (similar to Benson 1968, fig. 412). Lancet (Fig. 10) with 15 serrulae; annuli strongly curved, V-shaped, with thick, stout spines on dorsal curve and lacking hairs or spines on ventral curve; serrulae with 6 or 7 subbasal teeth on basal serrulae, gradually decreasing to 3 or 4 on apical serrulae; serrulae 2–10 with small spurette dorsal to anterior margin of serrula.

Male. Unknown.

Female, labeled “THAILAND Loei, Phu Ruea NP, Pah Lo Nay, 17°30.502'N, 101°20.868'E , 1343 m, Malaise trap, 26.ix–2.x.2006, Nu Koonchal Jaaroenchal leg., T833” (QSBG).

The species name is derived from the type locality, Phu Ruea National Park.

Moricella is close to Mesoneura and Dineura and is characterized by the narrower malar space equal to or less than diameter of the front ocellus, clypeus truncate with slight median depression; pentagonal area obsolete; left mandible in lateral view evenly tapering from base to apex, third antennomere slightly longer than the fourth, forewing with intercostal crossvein present and interstitial with vein M and with four cubital cells, the hind basitarsomere equal to the following three tarsomeres combined, and the tarsal claws cleft with the inner tooth slightly long and broader than the outer tooth. The new species shares most characters with Moricella except the forewing lacks the intercostal crossvein and has only three cubital cells. Because of the similarities, including the presence of spurettes near the serrulae and stout, thick spines on the annuli of the lancet, I place this species in Moricella. Moricella includes two other species, Moricella rufonota Rohwer (1916) from Taiwan and Moricella nigrita Wei, 1998, from Yunnan, China. Wei (1998) illustrated both species. Wu et al. (1982) recorded the host of Moricella rufonota as Cinnamomum camphora Nees. and Eberm. (Lauraceae).

The orange thorax and abdomen and mostly orange legs are diagnostic for Moricella rueaensis. Moricella rufonota is black with the pronotum, mesonotum, and upper half or more of the mesepisternum red and the legs have the coxae white apically, femora black, and tibiae white except for the black apical quarter of the hind tibia.

Female. Length, 7.5 mm. Antenna and head black; spot at center of clypeus, labrum, and mouthparts white. Thorax black with posterior half of pronotum and tegula white. Abdomen and sheath black. Foreleg mostly white, coxa at apex, trochanter, femur except basal and apical parts black; midleg mostly white, coxa at apex and apex of tibia and apical 4 tarsomeres brown to black; hind leg with coxa at apex white, femur black with extreme basal and apical parts white; tibia with two-thirds white, apical third black; basitarsomere with basal half white and apical half black, rest of tarsomeres black. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black.

Head and body smooth, shiny, without punctures; with fine white pubescence. Antennal length 2.3× head width; 3rd antennomere subequal in length to 4th antennomere. Clypeus roundly emarginated anteriorly. Malar space equal to diameter of front ocellus. Left mandible bulbous at base, apical portion slender. Lower interocular distance 1.3× eye height. Distance between eye and hind ocellus 0.7× distance between hind ocelli; postocellar area about 2.6× broader than long. Forewing with intercostal crossvein present, basal to M; 3 cubital cells. Hind basitarsomere about 0.8× length of remaining tarsomeres combined; pulvilli large, almost equal to breadth of tarsomeres, on tarsomeres 1–4. Hind tibia with longitudinal groove on outer surface. Tarsal claws with long inner tooth, slightly shorter than outer tooth. Inner hind tibial spur about half length of hind basitarsomere and slightly longer than apical width of hind tibia at apex. Sheath in dorsal view broad at base with slight, rounded scopae much shorter than central portion, central portion acuminate at apex, with long setae arising from scopae; in lateral view straight above, rounded below (Fig. 13). In dorsal view, cerci equal to sheath length. Lancet (Fig. 13) with serrula long, lobelike, length more than 2× width.

Male. Unknown.

Female, labeled “Thailand, Soi Dao, 500-1850 m, sweep, UTM 1429610, Jan. 16, 2005, Sharkey” (QSBG).

The species name is derived from the type locality.

This species is assigned to Nematus by similarity of the long inner tooth of the tarsal claws, emarginated clypeus, and similar wing venation. I have not seen any species of Nematus with such long, lobelike serrulae (Fig. 13). The basal rounded portion of the sheath with long setae representing small lateral scopae (as can be seen in the lateral view in Fig. 13) is also unusual for species of Nematus, most of which have an evenly slender sheath in dorsal view. Because the lancet is partly exerted and the long serrulae are diagnostic, I have not dissected the specimen for a close-up of the lancet.

This is a large Holarctic genus with well over 100 species (Taeger et al. 2010). All species treated here, except Pristiphora chalybeata, differ from the others described from southeastern Asia, and I have found nothing in the Palearctic fauna that agree with these species. I have checked descriptions and available specimens of species treated by Benson (1958), (Wong (1960, 1977), Saini (2006), (Haris (2006, 2007), and in the literature covering species from China. Taeger et al. (2010) separated several subgenera of Pristiphora but the species from southeastern Asia were not assigned to subgenus. So far as I can tell, all species examined and for which the original descriptions were checked would belong to the subgenus Pristiphora.

(Wong (1960, 1977) proposed several species complexes. The species he treated in 1977 were placed in the chlorea complex and the pallidiventris complex, with one species, Pristiphora sinensis Wong, not assigned to a complex but placed near Pristiphora geniculata (Hartig).

The pallidiventris complex of Wong (1977) includes the largest number of species, characterized by the lack of hairs or spines on the annuli of the lancet (as in Fig. 25), the annuli on the lancet becoming progressively more slanted towards the apex, a short scopa on the sawsheath, pale venter of the abdomen, antenna pale beneath, and penis valve of male with a valvispina located vertically near the center of the apically tapered paravalva. None of the species described here fall into this complex. The following species from southeastern Asia were checked, and all lack hairs or spines on the annuli and appear to belong to the pallidiventris complex: Pristiphora alta Saini and Chambal, 1996 (India: West Bengal); Pristiphora basidentata Wei, 1998 (in Wei and Nie 1998) (China: Zhejiang); Pristiphora caiwanzhii Wei, 1998 (in Nie and Wei 1998) (China: Henan); Pristiphora chonganica Wei, 2003 (in Wei and Nie 2003) (China: Fujian); Pristiphora ecarinata Saini and Chambal, 1996 (India: Himachal Pradesh, Uttarauchal); Pristiphora formosanus Rohwer, 1916 (Taiwan) (Fig. 25); Pristiphora lii Wei, 1998 (in Nie and Wei 1998) (China: Henan); Pristiphora longitangia Wei, 1998 (in Wei and Nie 1998) (China: Zhejiang); Pristiphora melanopygiolia Wei, 1999 (in Wei et al. 1999) (China: Henan); Pristiphora nigrotarsalina Wei, 2003 (in Wei et al. 2003a) (China: Guangxi); P. obliqualis Wei, 2003 (in Wei and Nie 2003) (China: Fujian); Pristiphora sauteri Rohwer, 1916 (Taiwan); Pristiphora tuberculatina Wei, 2003 (in Wei and Nie 2003) (China: Fujian); Pristiphora zhongi Wei, 2002 (China: Henan).

The chlorea complex of Wong (1977) includes those species with the tarsal claw with a prominent inner tooth, the lancet with stout annular spines or hairs, concave basal annuli, and median annuli not reaching the dorsal margin, the lance with a carina on the radix, and males with a hooklike valvispina. Wong (1977) included Pristiphora borneensis Forsius, 1933 (Malaysia: Sabah) and Pristiphora nankingensis Wong, 1977 (China: Nanking) in this complex, and, according to descriptions, Pristiphora chalybeata Benson, 1963 (Myanmar), Pristiphora lineogenata Wei, 2002 (in Wei and Nie 2002) (China: Guizhou), Pristiphora rufocincta Benson, 1963 (Myanmar), Pristiphora nigrescenta Saini and Chambal, 1996 (India: Uttaranchal), and Pristiphora zhejiangensis Wei, 1995 (China: Zhejiang) may fall into this complex. The species described here may also belong to this complex, but none have the lancet structure similar to the above and the males, where known, do not have a hooklike valvispina. Thus, these new species appear to be closest to those included in the geniculata group of (Wong (1960, 1977). Also, the male of Pristiphora borneensis, described below, was unknown to Wong (1977), and it does not have the hooklike valvispina typical for this complex (Fig. 27).

Pristiphora oligalucina Wei, 2002a (China: Henan), is said to have no annular hairs (Wei 2002a), which would place it in the pallidiventris complex, but the species is stated to be near Pristiphora geniculata, which might place it near Pristiphora sinensis (China: Fujian, Nanking). I am unable to place Pristiphora beijingensis Zhou and Zhang, 1993 (in Zhou et al. 1995), but this occurs farther north in the Beijing area, is associated with Populus sp., and is unlikely to occur in Thailand. Pristiphora lamdongensis Haris, 2007, cannot be placed because the lancet was not illustrated. It differs from all species described here by the very minute inner tooth of the tarsal claws. The species described here have a long inner tooth half or more the length of the outer tooth. Haris (2007) also noted that the elongated maxillary palpus and brown rounded spot in the first cubital cell in the forewing are unique.

Both Pristiphora chalybeata Benson and Pristiphora rufocincta Benson have the abdomen red or yellow; the former has the third abdominal segment red in the female but the male recorded below has identical male genitalia as Benson (1963) illustrated though it is mostly black. All species described here have the abdomen black or mostly black above and white below.

Female. Length, 7.0 mm. Antenna black; scape and pedicel white. Head black with labrum and palpi white. Thorax black; tegula, pronotum, and postspiracular sclerite (except anterior margin) white; mesoscutellum white at center, black at sides, scutellar appendage and metanotum pale orange. Abdomen with basal plates black; tergites 4–5 with broad anterior halves half or more black; posterior portion black, 6-9 with very narrow posterior portion white; sheath black. Legs white, only apical tarsomeres black. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black.

Head and body shiny, with fine, minute punctures; covered with fine, white pubescence. Antennal length 2.3× head width; 3rd and 4th antennomeres subequal in length. Malar space linear. Distance between eye and hind ocellus subqual to slightly shorter than distance between hind ocelli. Postocellar area 2.4× broader than long. Lower interocular distance slightly less than eye height. Forewing with 4 cubital cells; intercostal crossvein present and interstitial with M. Pulvilli small; only evident on tarsomeres 3 and 4. Hind basitarsomere subequal to slightly shorter than length of remaining tarsomeres combined; inner hind tibial spur about 0.4× length of basitarsomere and subequal to width of hind tibia at apex. Tarsal claws with long inner tooth, about equal in length and width of outer tooth. Sheath broadened at apex, with distinct rounded scopae (similar to Benson 1958, fig. 414). Lancet (Fig. 21) with 14 serrulae; each with 6–8 very fine subbasal teeth, large spurette dorsal to anterior edge of serrulae 3 to apex, spurette about as large as serrula; basal annuli curved, each with broad band of long stout spines.

Male. Length, 6.5 mm. Similar to female except head with clypeus and spot on lower inner orbit white; pronotum black with posterior edge narrowly white; and mesoscutellum black. Malar space about half diameter of front ocellus. Lower interocular distance about 1.1× eye height. Forewing with intercostal crossvein present and basal to vein M; with 3 cubital cells. Genitalia in Figs 32, 33; penis valve slender, with a short small valvispina directed vertically near center of valve.

Holotype female, labeled “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Huai Nam Dang NP, Helipad, 19°18.33'N, 98°36.289'E , Malaise trap, 14–21.xi.2007, Anuchart & Thawatchai leg., T5550" (QSBG). Paratypes: “THAILAND, Han Doi Kha NP, Office 12, 19°12.138'N, 101°4.711'E , 1331 m, Malaise trap, 8–15.xi.2007, Chavoen & Nikom leg., T3261" (1 ♀); “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok NP, Doi Phaluang, 20°1.06'N, 99°9.581'E , 1449 m, Malaise trap, T2928, 20–27.vii.2007, Wongchai P. leg." (1 ♂); “THAILAND, Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok NP, Kiewlom1/montane forest, 20°3.549'N, 99°8.552'E , 2174 m, Malaise trap, 21–28.v.2008, P. Wongchai leg. T6100" (1 ♂); “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok NP, Kiewlom1/montane forest, 20°3.549'N, 99°8.552'E , 2174 m, Malaise trap, 21–28.x.2007, P. Wongchai leg. T6181" (2 ♂); “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok NP, Doi Phaluang, 20°1.06'N, 99°9.581'E , 1449 m, Malaise trap, –14.xi.2007, P. Wongchai leg, T6209" (2 ♂); “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok NP, Doi Phaluang, 20°1.06'N, 99°9.581'E , 1449 m, Malaise trap, 21–28.xi.2007, P. Wongchai leg., T6211" (2 ♂); “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok NP, Doi Phaluang, 20°1.06'N, 99°9.581'E , 1449 m, Malaise trap, 21–28.x.2007, P. Wongchai leg., T6188" (1 ♂). (QSBG, USNM).

The species name is an arbitrary combination of letters and is to be treated as a noun.

I have not seen other species of Pristiphora with large spurettes above the serrulae plus the strong, stout spines on the annuli (Fig. 21). The only other Pristiphora species illustrated that apparently has such spurettes on the lancet is Pristiphora lineogenata Wei (in Wei and Nie 2002: fig. 67) from Guizhou Province, China, but Wei illustrated only two serrulae and he compares his species with Pristiphora borneensis, with which Pristiphora ettera has no similarities (see Wong 1977: fig. 15). Pristiphora etteri also has the scape, pedicel, mesoscutellum, posterior margins of the tergites, and the sternites white, whereas these are black in Pristiphora lineogenata. The male penis valve (Fig. 33) is similar to that of Pristiphora sauteri, illustrated by Wong (1977: fig. 8).

Female. Length, 5.0 mm. Antenna black, scape and pedicel and undersurface of flagellomeres 1 and 2 brown. Head black with supraclypeal area, clypeus, and labrum brown; mouthparts white. Thorax black with postspiracular sclerite, and tegula white; posterior margin of metapleuron white. Legs white, apical ring on hind tibia black. Abdomen black above; tergites 2 to apex with narrow white posterior band; venter white except apical 3 sternites and sheath black. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black.

Head and body shiny, finely punctuate, covered with fine white pubescence. Antennal length 2.8× head width; 3rd antennomere equal in length to 4th antennomere. Malar space equal to about half diameter of front ocellus. Distance between eye and hind ocellus about 0.9× distance between hind ocelli. Postocellar area about 3.0× broader than long. Lower interocular distance slightly longer than eye height. Forewing with intercostal crossvein present, interstitial with M; 4 cubital cells (vein separating first two faint). Pulvilli small, on tarsomeres 1–4. Hind basitarsomere subequal to length of remaining tarsomeres combined; inner hind tibial spur about 0.5× length of basitarsomere and slightly longer than width of hind tibia at apex. Tarsal claws with long inner tooth, slightly shorter than outer tooth. Sheath broadened at apex, with rounded distinct lateral scopae (similar to Benson 1958, fig. 414). Lancet (Fig. 22) with 14 serrulae, serrulae diminishing in size toward apex and apical portion without serrulae; basal 7 serrulae rounded, becoming flatter toward apex, subbasal teeth absent; annuli curved, each with band of stout spines; spines on upper half of annuli 1 and 2, complete on annuli 3 and 4, on lower half or less of annuli 5–11, and absent at apex.

Male. Unknown.

Female labeled “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon NP, Checkpoint 2, 18 °31.554'N, 98 °29.940'E, 1700 m, Malaise trap, 24.xi–1.xii.2006, Y. Areeluck leg., T1870" (QSBG).

The species name is derived from the type locality, Doi Inthanon National Park.

The lancet with rounded serrulae at the base becoming flatter toward the apex and absent at the extreme apex, the white legs and venter of the abdomen, and mostly black pronotum are characteristic for this species. It is similar to Pristiphora ettera in color except for the mostly black pronotum and brown clypeus and supraclypeal area. The color is also similar to Pristiphora formosana, but the lancet of Pristiphora formosana lacks annular spines or hairs (Wong 1977: fig. 20).

Female. Length, 6.0 mm. Black with anterior edge of labrum and mouthparts dull white; scape and pedicel white at apices; tegula and postspiracular sclerite white; apical third of mesoscutellum white. Legs with trochanters white; foreleg white with coxa and inner surface of femur black; midleg with coxa black, trochanter white, femur black, tibia white on basal three-fourths, brown on apical fourth, tarsus with basitarsomeres white to brown with remaining tarsomeres black; hind leg with coxa black, trochanter and base of femur white, basal two-fifths of tibia white, apical three-fifths of tibia and entire tarsus black. Abdomen black. Wings hyaline; veins and stigma black.

Head smooth, shiny, without punctures; head and body densely covered with fine white pubescence. Antennal length 3.7× head width; 3rd antennomere equal to length of 4th antennomere. Malar space about half diameter of front ocellus. Distance between eye and hind ocellus about 0.8× distance between hind ocelli. Postocellar area 3.0× broader than long. Lower interocular distance slightly longer than eye height. Forewing with intercostal crossvein absent; with 3 cubital cells. Pulvilli minute, on tarsomeres 1–4. Tarsal claws with small inner tooth, about half length of outer tooth. Hind basitarsomere subequal to or very slightly shorter than length of remaining tarsomeres combined; hind tibial spur about 0.4× length of hind basitarsomere and equal to width of inner hind tibia at apex. Sheath broadened at apex, with distinct lateral scopae (similar to Benson 1958, fig. 414). Lancet (Fig. 23) with about 19 serrulae, serrulae on basal half rounded, those on apical half becoming flat, with very fine subbasal teeth; annuli straight but basal 3 or 4 slanted forward, each with very narrow band of fine hairs less than half width of segments.

Male. Length, 5.0 mm. Similar to female except malar space narrower, almost linear, about ¼ width of front ocellus and postocellar area about 2.2× broader than long. Genitalia in Figs 30, 31; penis valve oval, dorsal and ventral margins rounded, with a short, small valvispina directed vertically near center of valve.

Holotype female labeled “THAILAND Nan Doi Phu Kha NP, Office 14, 19°12.488'N, 101 °4.907'E, 1375 m, Malaise trap, 22–29.xii.2007, Charoen & Nikim leg., T3280” (QSBG). Paratype: Same data as for holotype (1 ♂, USNM).

The species name is an arbitrary combination of letters and is to be treated as a noun.

This species seems closest to Pristiphora lamdongensis from southern Vietnam, sharing the 3 cu cells and lack of the intercostal crossvein in the forewing and the small inner tooth of the tarsal claws. However, the inner tooth of the tarsal claws is minute in Pristiphora lamdongensis (Haris 2007: fig. 10), whereas it is about half the length of the outer tooth in Pristiphora annetna. The unusually long antennae, which are 3.7× the head width (Fig. 17), are also distinctive for this species. Haris (2007) compares the length of the antenna as equal to the body length, though they are shorter than the body length in his illustration (Haris 2007: fig. 11). The antennae are about as long as the body length in Pristiphora annetna. Pristiphora annetna might also be confused with Pristiphora sauteri, but the lancet of Pristiphora sauteri lacks annular spines or hairs (Benson 1963: fig. 12) and the pronotum is largely white and only the apex of the hind femora and apical quarter of the hind tibiae are black to dark brown.

Female. Length 5.5 mm. Black; mouthparts brown. Foreleg white with inner surface of femur black. Mid- and hind legs white; femora and apical third or less of hind tibiae black and apical four tarsomeres of hind leg brown to black. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma black.

Head smooth and shiny, covered with fine, white pubescence, without noticeable punctures. Antennal length 2.3× head width; 3rd antennomere equal in length to 4th antennomere. Malar space about half diameter of front ocellus. Lower interocular distance 1.2× eye height. Distance between eye and hind ocellus 0.8× distance between hind ocelli. Postocellar area about 2.7× broader than long. Forewing with intercostal crossvein present, basal to vein M; with 3 cubital cells. Pulvilli small, on tarsomeres 1–4. Hind basitarsomere slightly shorter than length of remaining tarsomeres combined. Hind tibial spurs about 0.4× length of hind basitarsomere. Tarsal claws with long inner tooth, slightly more than half length of outer tooth. Sheath broadened at apex, with lateral scopae (similar to Benson 1958, fig. 414). Lancet (Fig. 24) with about 20 serrulae, serrulae flat with very fine subbasal teeth; basal 3 annuli slightly curved, rest straight, each annulus with stout spines more than half width of segments, spines only on upper portion of annuli 1 and 2.

Male. Unknown.

Female labeled “THAILAND Chiang Mai, Doi Phahompok NP, Kewlom1/montane forest, 20°3.549'N, 99°8.552'E , 2174 m, Malaise trap, 28.ii-7.iii.2008, Seesom. K. leg, T2960" (QSBG).

The species name is derived from the type locality, Doi Phahompok National Park.

This species is mostly black, similar to Pristiphora annetna, but the antennae are short, only about 2.2× the head width, the tegulae are black, the basitarsomeres are white, the forewing has the intercostal crossvein, and the lancet (Fig. 24) has flatter serrulae and longer annular spines. I have not found other species of Pristiphora with the color combination and lancet characters of this species.

Female. Described by Benson (1963).

Male. Length, 5.0 mm. Black with narrow posterior margins of abdominal segments white; legs with coxae black, trochanters white, femora black except extreme apex and base of fore- and midfemora white, tibiae white except apical half of hind tibia black, fore- and midtarsi white with apical 3 tarsomeres black, hind tarsus black with small white spot at base of hind basitarsomere. Wings lightly, uniformly infuscated; veins and stigma black.

Head and body shiny, covered with short white pubescence; head and thorax with widely spaced minute punctures. Antennal length about 2.2× head width, flagellum without thick interspersed spines. Mandible in lateral view swollen at base, with slender bladelike apex. Malar space nearly linear, about one-fourth width of front ocellus. Lower interocular distance about 1.3× eye height. Distance between eye and hind ocellus about 0.9× distance between hind ocelli. Postocellar area about 2.2× broader than long. Tarsal claws with long inner tooth, slightly shorter than outer tooth. Hind basitarsomere 0.8× length of following tarsomeres combined; inner hind tibial spur about 0.2× length of basitarsomere. Genitalia in Figs 28, 29; penis valve slender with strong transverse spine; gonodcardo narrow.

THAILAND, Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon NP, Kew Maepan Trail, 8°33.162'N, 98°28.810'E , 2200 m, Malaise trap, 29.xii.2006–5.i.2007, Y. Areeluck leg., T1893 (1 ♂).

Wei (1998: fig. 5) illustrated the apex of the penis valve of Moricella rufonota. The specimen examined has a transverse spine very much like Pristiphora chalybeata; however, the penis valve (Fig. 29) is identical to that illustrated by Benson (1963: fig. 6) for Pristiphora chalybeata, though in the slide mount of the valve, it appears at a slightly different angle. I have not seen this type of spine in specimens or descriptions of other Pristiphora species.

It is possible Benson (1963) made the wrong association of the male with the female holotype of Pristiphora chalybeata. The female Benson described is a typical Pristiphora, with characteristic mandibles, wing venation, and lancet (Benson 1963, Figs 3, 11). The females of Moricella have an evenly tapering left mandible, crossvein 2r is present in the forewing, and the lancets have numerous annular spines and a strong spurette above the anterior portion of each serrula (as in Fig. 10). The male, described here, appears to belong to Pristiphora because of the more slender, less evenly tapering left mandible and absence of 2r in the forewing; however, it shares with Moricella the transverse spine of the penis valve, very narrow gonocardo, and absence of strong interspersed setae on the flagellum. It is possible this is actually the male of Moricella rueaensis, but inasmuch as this was associated with Pristiphora chalybeata by Benson (1963), I retain this placement until sexes can be associated with certainty.

MALAYSIA: SABAH: British North Borneo, Tenompok, 10–14.II.1959, T. C. Maa, collector (3 ♀, BPBM); British North Borneo, Tenompok, 1460 m, Jesselton, 48 km E., 26–31.I.1959, T. C. Maa, collector (1 ♀, BPBM); North Borneo, Ranau, 22–25.II.1959, T. C. Maa, collector (1 ♂, BPBM).

The male has not been described. It is black with the apex of the fore- and midfemora, fore- and midtibiae and tarsi, and the basal half of the hind tibia white. The lancet was illustrated by Wong (1977: fig. 15). Benson (1963) and Wong (1977) distinguished it from all other Oriental Pristiphora by its linear malar space, but Pristiphora ettera has a similar malar space and Pristiphora annetna and Pristiphora inthanoni approach it. Wong (1977) placed it in his Pristiphora chlorea complex, near Pristiphora fausta (Hartig). The male genitalia are illustrated here (Figs 26, 27) and do not have the curved valvispina typical of the chlorea complex. The genitalia are unusual among Pristiphora because of the unusually long, straight valvispina and the extremely broad gonocardo. Pristiphora fausta also has a long valvispina (Wong 1977: fig.7), but it is curved at its apex. I have not seen such a broad gonocardo in other Pristiphora species, but this is not usually illustrated by authors who illustrate the male genitalia. The additional records are close to the type locality. The species was described from one female from “North Borneo: Mt. Kinabala, Maru Parei, 5, 000 ft., 27 April 1929, H. M. Pendlebury” (Forsius 1933).

“China, Hupeh, Lichuan Dist., Sui-sa-pa, 27.VII.1948, L. & M. Gressit, collectors” (1 ♀, BPBM).

This species was described from both males and females from Nanking, China. I have seen an additional specimen from China. Wei (in Wei and Nie 2003: 50, fig. 28-55) also illustrated the female and male genitalia.