Length of body 6.2–12.0 mm; antenna black and with 23–27 segments; area above supra-antennal elevations flat, more or less punctate, without protuberance between elevations right after inner side of supra-antennal elevations flat, smooth and black; tyloids of male antenna present on 10^th–16^th segments, short and nearly circular or elliptical; occipital carina widened medio-dorsally; apical segment of labial palp widened and obtuse, more or less triangular; vertex normal, at most with slight median depression dorsally; mandibles wide in anterior view and sublaterally attached to head; metanotum strongly convex and finely sculptured medially; anterior propodeal sulcus crenulate and medially widened; posterior propodeal carina curved and distinctly protruding and more or less separated from foramen medio-dorsally; fore wing with large dark patch below pterostigma; vein 1-SR of fore wing long; hind trochanter black or ivory; hind tarsus slightly or not modified; second and third sternites of female flat and moderately sclerotized and no protuberances; body rarely with pale pattern, at most malar space, basal segments and margins of metasomal sternites and tergites partly ivory, remainder black (Chen et al. 2014).

Unknown. Collected in June-November.

China, Japan. Before this study, nine species of this genus have been described from China, but none was recorded from Yunnan. We describe here the first species new to science from Yunnan.

Occipital carina weakly lamelliform dorsally (Fig. 2C); supra-antennal elevations about 0.2 times as long as scapus and largely ivory dorsally (Fig. 2C); frons densely punctate (Fig. 2C); mandible mainly black, except dark brown base of teeth (Fig. 2B); mesoscutum and propodeum distinctly sculptured; metasoma robust, smooth and largely black except the posterior half of first tergite ivory (Fig. 2A); first tergite approximately as long as its apical width (Fig. 3F); third sternite approximately 0.5 × as long as second sternite (Fig. 3H).

Figure 2. 

Jezonogonalos eburnalva Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, male (En-419020) A habitus, lateral aspect B head, anterior aspect C head, dorsal aspect.

Male. Holotype, length of body 6.2 mm (of fore wing 5.1 mm).

Colour. Black; lower half of inner orbita narrowly ivory and connected to ivory malar space (Fig. 2B); apex of supra-antennal elevation ivory (Fig. 2B); lateral corner of clypeus ivory and connected to ivory malar space; mandibular teeth, palpi dark brown (Fig. 2B); tegulae dark brown; legs mainly black, but tibia and tarsus of fore leg rather brownish (Fig. 2A); apical half of first tergite ivory in dorsal view, nearly all of first tergite ivory in lateral view (Figs 3F, G) and apico-lateral margin of first sternite ivory (Fig. 3H); posterior margin of all other tergites and sternites light ivory (Fig. 3H); pterostigma and posterior half of first submarginal cell to anterior third of marginal cell of fore wing and area below it dark brown to light brown, remainder of wing membrane subhyaline (Fig. 3B).

Figure 3. 

Jezonogonalos eburnalva Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, male (En-419020) A tyloids on 10^th–16^th segments of antenna B wings C head, lateral aspect D mesosoma, dorsal aspect E mesosoma, lateral aspect F metasoma, dorsal aspect G metasoma, lateral aspect H metasoma, ventral aspect.

Head. Antenna with 24 segments (Fig. 2A); tyloids nearly circular on 10^th, 15^th and 16^th segments, oval on 11^th–14^th segments, 0.1 times as long as segment on 10^th, 16^th segments and 0.3 times as long as segments on 11^th–15^th segments (Fig. 3A); frons densely punctate; vertex and temple largely smooth and shiny with sparse and fine punctures; head gradually narrowed behind eyes, eye in dorsal view approximately as long as temple (Fig. 2C); occipital carina narrow lamelliform medio-dorsally and without crenulae; supra-antennal elevations enlarged (about 0.2 × as long as scapus), outer side subvertical and largely smooth except for sparse punctures (Fig. 2C); clypeus slightly concave and thick medio-ventrally.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.8 × as long as its height (Fig. 3E); mesopleuron smooth anteriorly and transversely reticulate-rugose posteriorly, transverse mesopleural groove moderately wide and shallow (Fig. 3E); notauli wide, deep and coarsely crenulate; middle lobe of mesoscutum transversely rugose, lateral lobes of mesoscutum mainly finely rugose with a shallow furrow medially (Fig. 3D); scutellar sulcus wide and coarsely crenulate; scutellum shiny, largely smooth with irregular longitudinal rugae, slightly convex medially and anteriorly near level of mesoscutum (Fig. 3E); metanotum medially protruding and obtuse, shiny and largely smooth with sparse fine rugae (Fig. 3D); propodeum reticulate-rugose antero-medially, obliquely rugulose antero-laterally, distinct transversely striate medially, with several longitudinal striae and sparse irregular rugae between large smooth space posteriorly (Fig. 3D); posterior propodeal carina thick lamelliform (foramen approximately1.4 × as wide as high medially).

Wings. Fore wing: length of vein 1-M 1.6 × as long as vein 1-SR; second submarginal cell 3.1 × as long as third submarginal cell (Fig. 3B).

Metasoma. First tergite approximately as long as its apical width, smooth and with distinct elliptical depression antero-medially, apical half with fine dense longitudinal rugae; second and following tergites shiny and smooth except for sparse superficial punctures (Fig. 3F); sternites rather sparsely finely punctate; second sternite rather flat; third sternite approximately 0.5 × as long as second sternite (Fig. 3H); genitalia extruded (Fig. 3G).

Female. Unknown.

Name derived from “eburnus” (Latin for “ivory”) and “alvus” (Latin for “belly”) because of the large ivory area of the first tergite.

Holotype , male, China: Yunnan, Mt. Gaoligong, Dulong River, Caihong Bridge, 1496 m, 27°53'51.96"N, 98°20'11.89"E, 2–16.V.2020, Yi Lang leg., MT, SYS­BM En-419020 (deposited in SYSBM); GenBank: OM057963.

China (Yunnan). Collected at 1496 m.

This species is similar to J. jiangliae but has a relatively short third sternite, more robust first tergite and apical half of tergite ivory, and occipital carina narrow or J. laeviceps (shares similar first tergite and second tergite), but it has the mesoscutum and propodeum distinctly sculptured, mandibles dark and occipital carina narrower. The key to species of Jezonogonalos published by Tan et al. (2017) could be updated to accommodate J. eburnalva by replacing couplet 1 as follows:

Body length 5.1–15.0 mm; antenna with 21–24 segments, of female widened medially (but hardly so in L. angustula); antenna of male without tyloids; supra-antennal elevations small, without depression dorsally; vertex convex and shiny; mandibular condyli close to level of eyes; apical segment of labial palp widened and obtuse, more or less triangular; metanotum smooth, shiny and weakly convex; triangular dorso-apical part of hind trochanter separated by an oblique groove; fore trochanter subparallel-sided and distinctly longer than hind trochanter; hind tarsus slightly or not modified; basal half of third metasomal sternite with a posteriorly steep, smooth and complete transverse ledge (may be partly hidden under second sternite and rather low in L. violaceipennis); second sternite with pair of small triangular teeth on apical protuberance (but only with pair of lobe-shaped flaps in male of L. violaceipennis; with a strong lobe-shaped protuberance medio-apically in female of L. umbonata sp. nov., Figs 4A, 5E, F) and sometimes absent; epipleura of tergites laterally strongly pigmented; fifth sternite of female distinctly emarginate medio-posteriorly.

Figure 4. 

Lycogaster umbonata Chen & van Achterberg, sp. nov., holotype, female (En-419021) A habitus, lateral aspect B head, anterior aspect C head, dorsal aspect.

Figure 5. 

Lycogaster umbonata Chen & van Achterberg, sp. nov., holotype, female (En-419021) A wings B mesosoma, dorsal aspect C mesosoma, lateral aspect D metasoma, dorsal aspect E metasoma, lateral aspect F metasoma, ventral aspect.

In the New World reared as hyperparasitoid of Ichneumonidae in caterpillars of the families Saturniidae and Notodontidae (Carmean and Kimsey 1998).

China. Before this study, four species of this genus have been described from China, with only one species recorded from Yunnan. We describe here the second species new to science from Yunnan.

Antenna elongate and hardly widened medially (Figs 4A, 6A); second sternite of female with a strong lobe-shaped protuberance medio-apically (Fig. 5E); mandibles with ivory patches (Figs 4B, 6B); second tergite of female strongly shiny and with elliptical depressions antero-laterally (Fig. 5D); wing membrane subhyaline and without darkened (Figs 4A, 5A, 6A).

Figure 6. 

Lycogaster umbonata Chen & van Achterberg, sp. nov., paratype, male (En-419022) A habitus, lateral aspect B head, anterior aspect C metasoma, dorsal aspect D metasoma, lateral aspect E metasoma, ventral aspect.

Female. Holotype, length of body 5.1 mm (of fore wing 4.1 mm).

Head. Antenna with 21 segments, elongate and hardly widened medially (Fig. 4A); frons spaced punctate and shiny, with distinct median depression (Fig. 4B); vertex and temple largely smooth and shiny with sparse and fine punctures (Figs 4B, C); head subparallel-sided behind eyes, distinctly narrowed posteriorly and 1.3 × as long as mesoscutum (Fig. 4C); dorsal length of eye approximately as long as temple (Fig. 4C); occipital carina narrow lamelliform and with weak crenulae medio-dorsally (Fig. 4C); supra-antennal elevations hardly developed as a thin rim and smooth, 0.3 × as long as scapus (Fig. 4C); clypeus emarginate and comparatively thin medio-ventrally (Fig. 4B).

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.8 × as its height (Fig. 5C); mesopleuron below transverse mesopleural groove rugose to punctate anteriorly, largely smooth and shiny posteriorly, above groove similar but rugose anteriorly (Fig. 5C); notauli narrow anteriorly, widened posteriorly and coarsely crenulate; middle lobe of mesoscutum sparsely and rather finely punctate anteriorly, coarsely punctate at posterior end, lateral lobes sparsely and rather finely punctate (Fig. 5B); scutellar sulcus wide, both medially and laterally and coarsely crenulate (Fig. 5B); scutellum largely smooth with sparsely and finely punctate, distinctly shiny, rather flat and anteriorly near level of mesoscutum; metascutellum shiny and smooth medio-posteriorly (Fig. 5B); propodeum largely obliquely rugulose to rugose with smooth interspaces anterio-laterally (Fig. 5B); posterior propodeal carina thick lamelliform and distinctly arched, foramen approximately 1.5 × as wide as high medially (Fig. 5B).

Wings. Fore wing: length of vein 1-M 1.8 × as long as vein 1-SR; second submarginal cell 1.4 × as long as third submarginal cell (Fig. 5A).

Metasoma. First tergite 0.5 × as long as its apical width, smooth, with rather distinct elliptical depression medially and basal half with several distinct coarse transverse rugae medially (Fig. 5D); second tergite with elliptical depressions antero-laterally; second-fifth tergites largely smooth with sparse fine punctures (Fig. 5D); sternites sparsely and finely punctate (Fig. 5F); second sternite strongly convex in lateral view, with a strong lobe-shaped protuberance medio-apically (Fig. 5E); third sternite about 0.2 × as long as second sternite, with distinct ledge (Fig. 5F); hypopygium truncate apically (Fig. 5F).

Colour. Black; mandibular teeth and palpi dark brown; anterior-basal part of mandible ivory (Fig. 4B); distal of fumer, tibia, tarsus and claw yellow to brownish (Fig. 4A); pterostigma dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline and without darkened (Fig. 4A).

Male. Paratype, length of body 5.9 mm, of fore wing 4.5 mm; antenna with 21 segments and without tyloids (Fig. 6A); vertex densely and coarsely punctate; sculpture of mesosoma coarser than that in female (Fig. 6B); second tergite with a round depression antero-medially; second-fifth tergites and sternites densely and rather fine punctate, except sparsely and coarsely punctate in big round area of third tergite medially (Figs 6C–E); genitalia extruded (Fig. 6D); ivory part of mandible larger than that of female; clypeus with ivory patches (Fig. 6B); large part of hind tibia, hind tarsus and hind claw brown (Fig. 6A), not like that in female.

Named after the strong lobe-shaped protuberance of female second sternite: from “umbo” (Latin for “rounded protuberance”).

Holotype , female, China: Yunnan, Baoshan City, Longyang Dist., 2390 m, 25°17'57.26"N, 98°46'11.35"E, 15–30.IX.2020, Lang Yi leg., MT, SYSBM En-419021 (deposited in SYSBM); GenBank: OM057968. Paratype, 1 male, China: Yunnan, Baoshan City, Longyang Dist., 2390 m, 25°17'57.26"N, 98°46'11.35"E, 30.VII–15.VIII.2020, Lang Yi leg.,MT, SYSBM En-419022 (SYSBM); GenBank: OM057967.

China (Yunnan). Collected at 2390 m.

The key to Chinese species of Lycogaster published by Chen et al. (2014) could be updated to accommodate L. umbonata by replacing couplet 2 as follows:

Body length 4.3–13.0 mm; antenna with 21–26 segments, without pale band and slender medially, of male with linear tyloids (= elevated elongate areas) on 10^th–16^th antennal segments; supra-antennal elevations smooth or punctate, without depression dorsally, remain far separated from each other medially and without horizontal “shelf” between antennal bases; temple usually punctate or reticulate-punctate and moderately shiny; occipital carina ending at hypostomal carina at level of mandibular base; vertex flattened, without median depression dorsally; apical segment of labial palp widened and obtuse, more or less triangular; mandibles wide in anterior view and sublaterally attached to head; mesoscutum and scutellum distinctly punctate or rugose; metanotum at least partly convex latero-dorsally and often sculptured; vein 1-SR of fore wing medium-sized to long; fore wing often with subapical dark patch or large part of fore wing dark brown; triangular dorso-apical part of hind trochanter separated by an oblique groove; fore trochanter subparallel-sided and distinctly longer than hind trochanter; hind tarsus slightly or not modified; propodeal foramen more or less arched dorsally and often with a lamelliform carina; second sternite convex in lateral view (but less so in males), strongly sclerotized and frequently densely punctate, sometimes with a medio-posterior elevation but without pair of small teeth; basal half of third sternite flat, without a distinct ledge anteriorly; hypopygium of female pointing anteriorly toward second sternite or straight down or pointing posteriad; body variable, often moderately robust.

Reared as hyperparasitoid of parasitoid wasps (Ichneumonidae and Braconidae) and parasitoid flies (Tachinidae) in lepidopteran or sawfly caterpillars, but some species are primary parasitoids of Pergid sawflies in Australia (Raff 1934; Carne 1969; He and Chen 1986; Weinstein and Austin 1995; Carmean and Kimsey 1998; He 2004).

China, Russia, Mongolia, India, SriLanka, Thailand, Laos, Papua New Guinea, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan. Before this study, 20 species of this genus have been described from China, with eight recorded from Yunnan. We describe here two species new to science from Yunnan. Until now, four species in this genus were only found in Yunnan.

Supra-antennal elevations approximately 0.4 × as long as scapus and their outer side oblique (Fig. 7C); occipital carina narrow, non-lamelliform, smooth (Fig. 7C); head anteriorly and posteriorly black, pronotum white dorsally, tegulae dark brown (Figs 7B, C, 8C, D); vertex largely sparsely and finely punctate, with rather coarse punctures and slightly rugose media-posteriorly (Fig. 7C); mesoscutum coarsely sculptured in dorsal view (Fig. 8C); notauli wide and crenulate (Fig. 8C); scutellum coarsely rugose, convex laterally and shallowly concave medially (Fig. 8C); metanotum slightly convex, rugose (Fig. 8C); posterior propodeal carina distinctly arched, narrow lamelliform, foramen comparatively narrow (Fig. 8D); posterior margin of tergites with brownish stripes (Fig. 8E); first sternite dark brown posteriorly (Fig. 8F); second sternite slightly convex (Fig. 8F); third sternite without depression (Fig. 8F).

Figure 7. 

Taeniogonalos albidorsalis Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, female (En-419023) A habitus, lateral aspect B head, anterior aspect C head, dorsal aspect.

Figure 8. 

Taeniogonalos albidorsalis Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, female (En-419023) A wings B head, lateral aspect C mesosoma, dorsal aspect D mesosoma, lateral aspect E metasoma, dorsal aspect F metasoma, ventral aspect.

Female. Holotype, length of body 7.1 mm (of fore wing 5.9 mm).

Head. Antenna with 22 segments; frons reticulate-punctate (Fig. 7B); vertex largely sparsely and finely punctate, with rather coarse punctures and slightly rugose media-posteriorly (Fig. 7C); temple largely smooth with few punctures at orbita (Fig. 8B); head gradually narrowed behind eyes, eye in dorsal view 0.8 × as long as temple (Fig. 7C); occipital carina narrow, non-lamelliform, smooth (Fig. 7C); supra-antennal elevations smooth with outer side oblique, 0.4 × as long as scapus (Fig. 7C); clypeus slightly concave and thick medio-ventrally (Fig. 7B).

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 × as long as its height (Fig. 8D); transverse mesopleural groove narrow, crenulate; mesopleuron above transverse mesopleural groove coarsely rugose anteriorly and smooth posteriorly, below groove largely punctated (Fig. 8D); notauli wide, deep and coarsely crenulate; middle lobe of mesoscutum smooth arterially, otherwise transversely punctate-rugose, lateral lobes largely punctate-rugose (Fig. 8C); scutel­lar sulcus complete, moderately narrow and crenulate; scutellum coarsely rugose and shallowly concave medially, anteriorly distinctly above level of mesoscutum; metanotum slightly convex, rugose (Fig. 8C); propodeum punctate-rugose (Fig. 8C); posterior propodeal carina distinctly arched, narrow lamelliform, foramen approximately 1.3 × as wide as high medially.

Wings. Fore wing: vein 1-M 1.4 × as long as vein 1-SR; second submarginal cell 1.3 × as long as third submarginal cell (Fig. 8A).

Metasoma. First tergite 0.4 × as long as its apical width, smooth and with shallow but wide depression medially (Fig. 8E); second tergite largely smooth and finely punctate laterally; following tergites moderately punctate (Fig. 8E); first sternite sparse punctate and concave laterally; second sternite slightly convex, densely and finely punctate; lateral sides from third to fith sternites and anterior of fourth sternite without punctation, otherwise moderately punctate (Fig. 8F).

Colour. Black; antenna largely brownish (except apex and scapus) (Fig. 7A); outer orbita with pale yellow stripes, inner orbita with brownish short strips, malar space yellow brown patches; lateral corner of clypeus brownish; mandibles brown to dark brown, with basal pale patches (Figs 7B, 8B); pair of ivory triangular patches on middle lobe of mesoscutum anterior-laterally, pair of ivory to brownish patches on antero-lateral margin of scutellum, metanotum white with brownish patches (Fig. 8C); palpi brown (Fig. 8B), tegulae dark brown (Fig. 8D); about posteriorly half of first tergite ivory; margin of other tergites with ivory to brownish stripes (Fig. 8E); fifth tergite with two elongated ivory patches media-posteriorly (Fig. 8E); first sternite dark brown posteriorly (Fig. 8F); coxa and trochanter of hind leg mainly white; tarsi and tibia of fore leg mainly yellow to brownish (Fig. 7A); pterostigma dark brown; apical half of marginal cell of fore wing largely infuscate as area below it, remainder of wing membrane subhyaline (Figs 7A, 8A).

Male. Unknown.

The specific epithet originates from “albus” (Latin for “white”) and “dorsalis” (Latin for “dorsal”) with reference to the white dorsal part of the pronotum.

Holotype China: ♀; Yunnan, Mt. Gaoligong, Dulong River, Qinlangdang Management and Protection Station, 1181 m, 27°41'6.73"N, 98°16'25.64"E; 15.V–15.VI.2020, Lang Yi leg., MT, SYS­BM En-419023 (deposited in SYSBM); GenBank: OM057972.

China (Yunnan). Collected at 1181 m.

This species is close to T. eurysoma and it would run to that taxon (couplet 17) in the revised key of Tan et al. (2017), but can be distinguished by having largely brownish antenna, dorsally white pronotum, pale and more elongate fore tibia, less sculptured vertex, and second sternite without ivory stripe. Part of key to Chinese species of the genus Taeniogonalos Schulz was revised to include T. eurysoma Chen & van Achterberg, 2020.

Supra-antennal elevations 0.5 × as long as scapus and outer side strongly steep (angle about 70°), upper half thickened and backward, parallel-sided in anterior view, area between elevations with a small protuberance (Figs 9B, C); tyloids of male antenna linear (Fig. 10A); occipital carina widened, lamelliform and smooth (Fig. 9C); supra-antennal elevations largely yellow; head with brownish-yellow oblique patches postero-laterally (Fig. 9C); vertex largely coarsely punctate with transversely rugose and becoming sparsely punctate posteriorly (Fig. 9C); mesoscutum coarsely punctate-rugose in dorsal view, with pair of large triangular yellow patches on middle lobe and pair of large oblong yellow patches on scutellum axilla (Fig. 10D); notauli narrow anteriorly, widened posteriorly and coarsely crenulate (Fig. 10D); scutellum coarsely reticulate-punctate and shallow-slightly concave medially, with pair of small brown-yellow patches (Fig. 10D); metanotum slightly convex, rugose, with four elliptical yellow patches (Fig. 10D); posterior propodeal carina distinctly arched, narrow lamelliform, foramen comparatively wide (Fig. 10D) ; first tergite with yellow stripe posteriorly; second tergite widely yellow posteriorly, third tergite with weak and slim yellow patches medio-posteriorly; fourth-sixth tergites with large yellow patches (Fig. 10F); first and second sternites with wavy yellow stripe posteriorly; third and fourth sternites with small yellow patches postero-laterally (Fig. 10G); second sternite slightly concave medio-anteriorly (Fig. 9A); third sternite without depression (Fig. 10G).

Figure 9. 

Taeniogonalos paradoxica Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, male (En-419024) A habitus, lateral aspect B head, anterior aspect C head, dorsal aspect.

Figure 10. 

Taeniogonalos paradoxica Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, male (En-419024) A tyloids on 10^th–16^th segments of antenna B wings C head, lateral aspect D mesosoma, dorsal aspect E mesosoma, lateral aspect F metasoma, dorsal aspect G metasoma, ventral aspect H legs, ventral aspect.

Female. Holotype, length of body 8.6 mm (of fore wing 7.1 mm).

Head. Antenna with 23 segments; tyloids linear, 0.6 × as long as antennal segment on 11^th–13^th segments, about half as long on 14^th segment, 0.3 × as long on 15^th segment and 0.2 × as long on 10^th segment (Fig. 10A); frons densely and coarsely punctate with rugae near clypeus (Fig. 9B); vertex largely coarsely punctate with transversely rugae and becoming sparsely punctate posteriorly (Fig. 9C); temple largely smooth with few punctures near orbita (Fig. 10C); head gradually narrowed behind eyes, eye in dorsal view 0.8 × as long as temple (Fig. 9C); occipital carina widened, lamelliform and smooth (Fig. 9C); supra-antennal elevations smooth, outer side very steep (angle about 70°), upper half thickened and backward, parallel-sided in anterior view, 0.5 × as long as scapus, with a small protuberance between them (Fig. 9B, C); clypeus slightly concave and thick medio-ventrally (Fig. 9B).

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.7 × as long as its height (Fig. 10E); transverse mesopleural groove narrow, crenulate; mesopleuron above transverse mesopleural groove reticulate-punctate anteriorly and coarsely punctate posteriorly, below groove rugulose-punctate anteriorly and smooth posteriorly (Fig. 10E); notauli narrow anteriorly, widened posteriorly and coarsely crenulate; middle lobe of mesoscutum coarsely transverely punctate-rugose anteriorly and reticulate-punctate posteriorly, lateral lobes largely punctate with longitudinal rugae (Fig. 10D); scutellar sulcus complete, moderately narrow and crenulate; scutellum coarsely reticulate-punctate and slightly concave medially, anteriorly protruding above level of mesoscutum; metanotum slightly convex, rugose (Fig. 10D); propodeum punctate-rugose (Fig. 10D); posterior propodeal carina distinctly arched, narrow lamelliform, foramen approximately 1.5 × as wide as high medially.

Wings. Fore wing: vein 1-M 1.2 × as long as vein 1-SR; second submarginal cell 1.1 × as long as third submarginal cell (Fig. 10B).

Metasoma. First tergite 0.6 × as long as its apical width, smooth and with shallow but wide depression medially (Fig. 10F); following tergites densely and coarsely punctate (Fig. 10F); first sternite sparse punctate and concave laterally; following sternites densely punctate (Fig. 10G); second sternite slightly concave medio-anteriorly, rather flat media-posteriorly and slightly depressed near middle of posterior margin (Figs 9A, 10G).

Colour. Black; apical half of antenna and part of scapus dark brown; remainder of antenna mainly yellow; orbita yellow, narrow but widened near antennal sockets; supra-antennal elevations largely yellow; clypeus with pair of yellow patches; lateral corner of clypeus dark brown; mandible teeth dark brown to dark (Fig. 9B); head with brownish-yellow oblique patches postero-laterally (Fig. 9C); pronotum yellow dorsally (Fig. 10D); middle lobe of mesoscutum with pair of large triangular yellow patches antero-laterally; scutellum axilla with pair of large oblong yellow patches; scutellum with pair of small brown-yellow patches media-laterally; metanotum with four elliptical yellow patches (Fig. 10D); palpi dark brown (Fig. 10C); tegulae brown (Fig. 10D); first tergite with yellow stripe posteriorly; second tergite widely yellow posteriorly, third tergite with weak and slim yellow patches media-posteriorly; fourth-sixth tergites with large yellow patches (Fig. 10F); first and second sternites with wavy yellow stripe posteriorly; third and fourth sternites with small yellow patches postero-laterally (Fig. 10G); apex of fore and middle femora yellow; tibiae and basal half of tarsi of fore leg largely yellow; remainder of tibiae and tarsi dark brown (Fig. 10H); pterostigma yellow brown; anterior half of fore wing dark brown; remainder of wing subhyaline (Fig. 10B).

Male. Unknown.

Name after the unusual supra-antennal elevations: from “paradoxus” (Latin for “strange, contrary to expectation”).

Holotype , female, China: Yunnan, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Shangri-La City, Jiantang town, apple orchard, 2639 m, 27°31'36"N, 100°5'32"E, 20.IX.2020, Huayan Chen leg., YPT, SYSBM En-419024 (deposited in SYSBM); GenBank: OM057987.

China (Yunnan). Collected at 2639 m.

The key to species of Taeniogonalos published by Chen et al. (2014) could be updated to accommodate T. paradoxica by replacing couplet 12 as follows: