Posterior area of hind ocelli depressed inward flatly, forming an acute angle with frons; anterior face of pronotum with one or two foveae in the middle or not obvious, laterally with dense punctures (Figs 5, 16, 24, 31); tegula not reaching posteriorly to the apex of parategula (Figs 7, 15, 26, 33, 39); posterior surface with submarginal carina produced into pointed lamella apically, valvula enlarged and free posteriorly from submarginal carina (Figs 19, 28, 32); the second submarginal cell of fore wing not petiolate; first metasomal segment subsessile, in dorsal view narrower than second; T1 basally without transverse carina; T2 apically not reflexed (Figs 1, 2, 11, 12, 20, 21, 29, 34, 35).

Oriental Region.

Holotype , 1♀, China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 21°55'2"N, 101°16'25.99"E, 584 m, 2015.iv.11, Chunhong Wang (CNU ); Paratype, 1♂, China, Yunnan Province, Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Shangyong Town, Moxie Village, 21°20'16.8"N, 101°41'16.8"E, 679 m, 2017.viii.6, Tingjing Li (CNU ).

Female (Fig. 1). Body length 6.3 mm, forewing length 5.7 mm; black, with the following parts orange-yellow: base of mandible, two lateral complete bands along margins of clypeus, longitudinal interantennal spot, scape ventrally, a small spot of ocular sinus, a line behind eye at gena, an anterior interrupted band of pronotum, tegula (except brownish red at middle), parategula, metanotum, apices of fore and mid femora, fore and mid tibiae (slightly dark ventrally) and tarsi (slightly dark apically), apex of hind tibia, hind tarsus, apical bands of T1–T2, and S2 (broader on T2); wings transparent brown, fore wing with an apical dark spot.

Figures 1–10. 

Paraleptomenes setaceus sp. nov. Holotype (♀): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10 paratype (♂): 2, 4, 6, 8. 1, 2 habitus (dorsal view) 3, 4 head (frontal view) 5 vertex and part of pronotum (dorsal view) 6 A6–A13 7 mesosoma (dorsal view) 8 metasoma (ventral view) 9 tegula (dorsal view) 10 mesosoma (lateral view).

Head. Clypeus (Fig. 3) about 1.0 times as wide as long, flat in the middle part, indistinctly with lateral longitudinal raised carina from middle to apex, with extremely fine sparse punctures, and punctures at apex larger and deeper, or even longitudinally striate, apical margin somewhat emarginated, clypeal width about 3.1 times its apical width; distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.2 times of the distance between inner eye margins at clypeus; interantennal space slightly raised; frons and vertex with dense punctures, punctures sparser than P. darugiriensis (Fig. 3); posterior area of hind ocelli with a row of short longitudinal carina along occipital carina in the middle area, occipital carina dorsally not sinuate as P. darugiriensis (Fig. 5); distance between posterior ocellus about equal to the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; punctures of gena sparser than vertex.

Mesosoma. Pronotum coarsely, densely punctate and reticulate, except the middle area, anterior face without obviously depressed fovea in the middle, with dense punctures and somewhat reticulate on both sides, pronotal transverse carina weak, especially absent in the middle (Fig. 5); mesoscutum with dense punctures, interspaces reticulate, with two longitudinal furrows of punctures on apical margin (Fig. 7); scutellum convex in lateral view (Fig. 10), with dense punctures, interspaces reticulate; metanotum weakly convex, sloping down to apical margin, with dense punctures, and apical margin leathery; mesopleuron posterodorsally with obviously raised blunt teeth (Figs 9, 10), punctures mostly similar to pronotum, posteroventrally with fine sparser punctures; metapleuron smooth, sparsely punctate, punctures smaller than other parts of mesosoma; propodeum dorsally with large and deep flat-bottomed punctures, interspaces carinate and reticulate, the boundary between dorsal and posterior surfaces not obvious, punctures on lateral surface dense, interspaces carinate and reticulate, shallower than other parts of mesosoma except metapleuron; posterior surface obviously depressed, margin with dense and shallow punctures, and medially smooth and without punctures, with short oblique striae along median carina on both sides, median carina about 0.8 times of the length of whole propodeum.

Metasoma. Leathery, punctures smaller than head and mesosoma; T1 about 1.9 times as wide as long, narrower than T2, punctures on anterior inclined surface sparse, punctures on dorsal surface dense, without punctures at the end, slightly concave near the end (Figs 1–2); T2 about 1.2 times as wide as long, with sparse punctures at base and then punctures gradually denser and larger near the apical margin, and with thin apical lamella; S2 with sparse punctures in the middle, those laterally and apically denser, larger than the base of T2, and with thin apical lamella; T3–T5 with dense punctures; metasomal segment 6 almost without punctures.

Male (Fig. 2). Body length 5.8 mm, forewing length 5.5 mm. Sculpture, punctuation, setae, and coloration as in female except as follows: clypeus (Fig. 4) yellow except outer margin, with thick white setae, clypeus about 1.2 times as wide as long, apical margin medially deeply emarginate, transparent, laterally forming a sharp tooth, clypeal width about 3.4 times as wide as that of emargination, emargination about 2.7 times as wide as long; distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.6 times of the distance between inner eye margins at clypeus; A13 about 1.6 times as long as basal width, small, slender, finger-like and edge almost straight, backward not reaching the base of A11 (Fig. 6); punctures of frons sparser (Fig. 4); front of mid and hind coxae yellow; metasomal segment 6 with fine sparse punctures; S7 with fine punctures and basally with a row of thick brown setae (Fig. 8).

China (Yunnan).

This species resembles P. transfoveolus sp. nov. with the character of mesopleuron posterodorsally with obviously raised blunt teeth (Figs 9, 18), and resembles P. communis with the character of male A13 small, slender, finger-like and almost straight, narrowed at the apex (Fig. 6). It differs from the related species and all other members of the genus by the following character combination: female clypeus with indistinct lateral longitudinal raised carina from middle to apex (Fig. 3), anterior face of pronotum in female without obviously depressed foveae in the middle (Fig. 5); A13 of the male small, slender, finger-like and lateral edge almost straight, backward reaching near the base of A11 (Fig. 6), punctures of frons sparser (Figs 3–4), mesopleuron posterodorsally with obviously raised blunt teeth (Fig. 9) and S7 basally with a row of thick brown setae (Fig. 8).

The specific name setaceus is derived from Latin word: setace (= with hair), referring to the base of S7 with a row of thick brown setae.

Holotype , 1♀, China, Yunnan Province, Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Xishuangbanna, Jinghong City, near Tropical Flower Garden, 22°0'39.06"N, 100°47'12.01"E, 544 m, 2016.x.1, Baoxin Dong (CNU ); Paratype, 1♂, China, Yunnan Province, Puer City, Mojiang County, Mengnong Township, Xiaogandong Village, 23°39'55.44"N, 101°31'30.12"E, 1026 m, 2015.vii.23, Pan Huang (CNU ).

Female (Fig. 11). Body length 6.2 mm, forewing length 5.5 mm; black, with the following parts orange-yellow: mandible (except black at middle), two lateral large spots at the base of clypeus, longitudinal interantennal spot, scape and pedicel ventrally, A9–A12 ventrally, ocular sinus, a line behind eyes at gena, an anterior interrupted band of pronotum, tegula (except brownish red middle), parategula, a small spot on mesopleuron, metanotum, mid coxa ventrally, apices of fore and mid femora, fore and mid tibiae (slightly dark ventral), tarsi, apical bands of T1–T2 and S2 (broader on T2); wings transparent brown, fore wing with an apical dark spot.

Figures 11–19. 

Paraleptomenes transfoveolus sp. nov. Holotype (♀) 11, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19 paratype (♂) 12, 14, 17. 11, 12 habitus (dorsal view) 13, 14 head (frontal view) 15 mesosoma (dorsal view) 16 vertex and part of pronotum (dorsal view) 17 A5–A13 18 tegula (dorsal view) 19 mesosoma (lateral view).

Head. Clypeus (Fig. 13) about 1.1 times as wide as long, flat in the middle part, with lateral longitudinal raised carina from near middle to apex, and with fine sparse punctures, punctures at apex larger and deeper, or even longitudinally striate, apical margin a bit emarginated and almost truncated, clypeal width about 3.2 times its apical width; distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.3 times of the distance between inner eye margins at clypeus; interantennal space slightly raised; frons and vertex with dense punctures, interspaces reticulate, posterior area of hind ocelli with a row of short longitudinal carina along the occipital carina in the middle area, occipital carina dorsally not sinuate as P. darugiriensis (Fig. 16); distance between posterior ocellus about 1.3 times of the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; punctures of gena sparser and smaller than that on vertex.

Mesosoma. Pronotum coarsely, densely punctate and reticulate, except the middle area, anterior face with a transverse fovea in the middle, with dense punctures and somewhat reticulate on both sides, pronotal transverse carina weak, especially absent in the middle (Fig. 16); mesoscutum (Fig. 15) with dense punctures, interspaces reticulate, with two longitudinal furrows of punctures on apical margins; scutellum convex in lateral view (Fig. 19), with dense punctures, interspaces reticulate; metanotum weakly convex, sloping down to apical margin, with dense punctures; mesopleuron posterodorsally with obviously raised blunt teeth (Figs 18–19); punctures mostly similar to pronotum, posteroventrally with fine sparser punctures; metapleuron smooth, sparsely punctate, punctures smaller than other parts of mesosoma; propodeum dorsally with large and deep flat-bottomed punctures, interspaces carinate and reticulate, the boundary between dorsal and posterior surfaces not obvious, punctures on lateral surface dense, interspaces carinate and reticulate, shallower than other parts of mesosoma except metapleuron, posterior surfaces obviously depressed, margin with dense and shallow punctures, and medially smooth and without punctures, the median carina with short oblique striae on both sides, median carina about 0.6 times of the length of the whole propodeum.

Metasoma. Leathery, punctures smaller than head and mesosoma; T1 about 1.5 times as wide as long, narrower than T2, punctures on anterior inclined surface sparse, punctures on dorsal surface dense, without punctures at the end, slightly concave near the end; T2 about 1.1 times as wide as long, with sparse punctures at base and then punctures gradually denser and larger near the apical margin, with thin apical lamella; S2 with sparse punctures in the middle, denser and larger laterally and apically than those at the base of T2, with thin apical lamella; T3–T5 with dense punctures; metasomal segment 6 almost without punctures.

Male (Fig. 12). Body length 6.0 mm, forewing length 5.5 mm. Sculpture, punctuation, setae, and coloration as in female except as follows: clypeus (Fig. 14) antenna ventrally, and mandible mostly yellow; clypeus about 1.2 times as wide as long, apical margin medially shallowly emarginated, transparent, laterally forming a short tooth, clypeal width about 3.5 times as wide as that of emargination; emargination about 4.8 times as wide as long; distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.6 times of the distance between inner eye margins at clypeus; A13 about 2.0 times as long as basal width, long, flat, curved, narrowing at the apex, backward reaching middle of A10 (Fig. 17); T2 about 1.2 times as wide as long, metasomal segment 6 with fine sparse punctures, metasomal segment 7 leathery and with especially fine sparse punctures.

China (Yunnan).

This species is easily distinguished from all other species of Paraleptomenes by the following character combination: anterior face of pronotum with a transverse fovea in the middle (Fig. 16), mesopleuron posterodorsally with obviously raised blunt teeth, and male A13 long, curved, and narrowed at the apex (Figs 17).

The specific name transfoveolus is derived from two Latin words: trans- (= across) and foveola (= hole), referring to the transverse fovea of pronotum.

1♀, China, Guangxi Province, Chongzuo City, Fusui County, Changping Township, 22°38'29.45"N, 107°54'41.36"E, 2016.vi.5, Zhenxia Ma (CNU ); 15♀13♂, China, Yunnan Province, Puer Town, Yuan County, Mengda Town, Longtang Village, 24°1'58.80"N, 100°51'21.60"E, 2017.vi.10, Yan Peng (CNU ); 18♀15♂, China, Yunnan Province, Baoshan City, Tengchong City, Hehua Township, 24°58'34.83"N, 98°23'12.69"E, 1327m, 2015.vii.31, Long Li (CNU ).

Female (Fig. 20) body length 5.5–7.0 mm, forewing length 5.5–6.5 mm; male (Fig. 21) body length 5.5–5.7 mm, forewing length 4.7–5.5 mm; black, with the following parts orange or yellow: most of mandible, two small lateral spots at the base of clypeus, male clypeus yellow except outer margin, longitudinal interantennal spot, scape ventrally and flagella ventrally (or not), a small spot of ocular sinus, a line behind eyes at gena, an anterior band of pronotum, tegula (except brownish red middle), parategula, metanotum, apices of fore and mid femora dorsally, irregular spots of fore and mid tibiae, apical bands of T1–T2 and S2 (sometimes break); head and mesosoma with very coarse punctures, interspaces strongly reticulate; clypeus flat in the middle part, with lateral longitudinal raised carina at apex, and with fine sparse punctures, and punctures at apex larger and deeper, or even longitudinally striate, apical margin somewhat emarginated and almost truncated (Fig. 22); male clypeus with fine sparse punctures, apical margin moderately emarginated, transparent, laterally forming a short tooth (Fig. 23); male A13 about 2.7 times as long as basal width, flat, curved, and widen at the apex, backward reaching base of A11 (Fig. 25); occipital carina distinctly sinuate and almost incised in the middle (Fig. 24); anterior face of pronotum concave weakly, with two almost coalesced weak foveae (Fig. 24); scutellum convex in lateral view (Fig. 28); metanotum sloping down to apical margin; mesopleuron posterodorsally slightly raised (Fig. 27); T2 and S2 with thin apical lamellae.

Figures 20–28. 

Paraleptomenes darugiriensis Kumar, Carpenter & Sharma, 2014. ♀ 20, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28 ♂ 21, 23, 25. 20, 21 habitus (dorsal view) 22, 23 head (frontal view) 24 vertex and part of pronotum (dorsal view) 25 A7–A13 26 mesosoma (dorsal view) 27 tegula (dorsal view) 28 mesosoma (lateral view).

China (new record: Guangxi, Yunnan); India.

1♀, China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Jinghong City, Lancang River, 21°57'18.09"N, 100°51'36.65"E, 541m, 2008.vii.27, Miao Li (CNU ).

Female (Fig. 29). Body length 6.4 mm, forewing length 5.5 mm; black, with the following parts yellow: the base of mandible, lateral longitudinal band along clypeus, elliptic interantennal spot, scape ventrally, ocular sinus, a line behind eyes at gena, two anterior interrupted spots of pronotum dorsally, tegula (except brownish red at middle), parategula, two anterior interrupted spots on metanotum, mid coxa ventrally, apices of fore and mid femora, fore and mid tibiae (slightly dark ventrally), hind tibia dorsally, tarsi, apical bands of T1–T2 and S2, and mandible mostly; fore wing with an apical dark spot. Clypeus flat in the middle part, without lateral longitudinal raised carina, with extremely fine sparse punctures, and smooth, apical margin a bit emarginated and almost truncated (Fig. 30); frons with sparse punctures in the middle part, interspaces with extremely fine punctures (Fig. 30); posterior area of hind ocelli with a row of slightly long longitudinal carina (longer than other species) along occipital carina in the middle area, occipital carina dorsally developed and complete, with thick hair (Fig. 31), not sinuate as in P. darugiriensis (Fig. 5); anterior face of pronotum with a large deep fovea in the middle (Fig. 31); mesoscutum with sparse punctures in the posterior half, interspaces with extremely fine punctures (Fig. 33); scutellum and metanotum with sparse punctures, interspaces with extremely fine punctures, scutellum nearly flat in lateral view, scutellum at the same level as the mesoscutum (Fig. 32); posterior surface of propodeum with irregular striae and few punctures; T1 elongated, almost hemispheric, T1 slightly concave near the end, both T2 and S2 with apical lamellae.

Figures 29–33. 

Paraleptomenes nurseanus montanus Giordani Soika, 1994. ♀29–33 29 habitus (dorsal view) 30 head (frontal view) 31 vertex and part of pronotum (dorsal view) 32 mesosoma (lateral view) 33 mesosoma (dorsal view).

Male. Unknown.

China (new record: Yunnan); India.

Syntype , 1♀, Kankau (Koshun), Formosa, VI. 1912, H. Sauter (AMNH); 1♂, same data as the syntype (AMNH).

The female specimen deposited in AMNH was labelled as paratype, but the original description of Schulthess (1934) did not specify a holotype. The above female specimen is thus a syntype. And the male was unknown in the original description, so the male specimen with the same data is not as a syntype.

Female (Fig. 34) body length 6.0 mm; male (Fig. 35) body length 5.0 mm. Black, with the following parts yellow: mandible basally, female clypeus except middle, whole male clypeus, longitudinal interantennal spot, scape ventrally, a small spot of ocular sinus, a line behind eyes at gena, an anterior complete band of pronotum, tegula, parategula, a round spot on mesopleuron dorsally, large lateral right triangle spots on scutellum, metanotum, mid and hind coxae ventrally, apices of fore and mid femora to tarsi, hind tibia ventrally and hind tarsus, apical bands of T1–T2 and S2, and apical band of male T3; with the following parts reddish brown to brown: mandible, antenna ventrally and legs except yellow spots; clypeus with sparse punctures and dense white setae; female clypeus raised basally and then flat in the middle, with lateral longitudinal raised carina, apical margin shallowly emarginated medially (Fig. 36), apical margin of male clypeus deeply emarginated medially (Fig. 37); male A13 small, hook-like, backward reaching the middle of A11 (Fig. 38); punctures on mesosoma larger than that of head; anterior face of pronotum with two foveae in the middle; scutellum nearly flat in lateral view, and at the same level of the mesoscutum; punctures on metasoma sparser and smaller than those on head and mesosoma; metasoma without apical lamella; T1 not concave posteriorly; T2 and S2 apically with a row of punctures forming a horizontal furrow near apical margin (Fig. 39); male T3 with apical lamella and with a row of punctures as that on T2.

Figures 34–39. 

Paraleptomenes kosempoensis (Schulthess, 1934). Syntype (♀) 34, 36, 39 ♂ 35, 37, 38. 34, 35 habitus (dorsal view) 36 head (frontal view) 37 head (frontal view) 38 A3–A13 39 part of mesosoma and metasoma (dorsal view).

China (Taiwan, Hong Kong).