Short Communication |
Corresponding author: Gabriel de Castro Jacques ( gabriel.jacques@ifmg.edu.br ) Academic editor: Michael Ohl
© 2022 Gabriel de Castro Jacques, Wellington Donizet Ferreira, Paola Aparecida Moura, Gabriel Teofilo-Guedes, Marcos Magalhães de Souza.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Jacques GC, Donizet Ferreira W, Aparecida Moura P, Teofilo-Guedes G, Magalhães de Souza M (2022) Nesting of the keyhole wasp Pachodynerus nasidens (Latreille, 1812) (Vespidae, Eumeninae) in a nest of a paper wasp (Vespidae, Polistinae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 93: 125-130. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.93.91298
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Potter wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) adopt different substrates for nesting, including other wasp nests. Nevertheless, such behavior rarely occurs with abandoned nests of the paper wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae). In this study, we report the occurrence involving the nesting of a potter wasp on a paper wasp’s nest. Such a record occurred in November 2021 in a segment of a deciduous forest, at Mata Seca State Park, Southeast Brazil. An abandoned Polistinae nest was found, with 14 cells sealed with mud, from which four male Pachodynerus nasidens individuals emerged. This record of P. nasidens reusing a Polistinae’s nest increases our knowledge of Eumeninae nesting strategies and on possible associations between different groups of vespid wasps.
Neotropical wasps, nest abandonment, nesting strategy, social wasp
The Vespidae family includes around 5300 species (
Records of other insects reusing nests of Polistinae wasps are scarce (
We made this observation on November 30th, 2021, at the beginning of the rainy season, in the Mata Seca State Park, an Integral Protection Conservation Unit, situated in the municipalities of Manga and Itacarambi, the northern part of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil (14°52'0"S, 43°59'58"W). This region houses deciduous forest remnants, the phytophysiognomy of the Atlantic Rainforest Domain. More than 50% of arboreous species are deciduous, characterized by the intensive loss of leaves in response to the two defined seasons of the year: rainy (spring/summer) and dry (fall/winter) (
We carried out the photographic record in the field, with a digital camera Nikon 60x Optical Zoom Wide. The nest was collected and stored in a glass recipient topped with a net, allowing gas exchange with the external environment and avoiding escape by the insects which would emerge from the occupied cells. Nest observations were performed daily until the imagoes emerged, at the Zoology Laboratory, in the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of South Minas Gerais – IFSULDEMINAS, Campus Inconfidentes.
To identify the genus of Polistinae that would have produced the nest, we adopted the dichotomous key of
We found one Polistinae nest, built on the plant species Quiabentia zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Britton & Rose (Cactaceae). This nest is of the gymnodomous type (
Two weeks after the field collection, on December 14th, 2021, four male individuals of Pachodynerus nasidens (Latreille, 1812) emerged from the cells at the nest medium portion. These cells were situated around 60 mm above the basis, with an average diameter of 6.2 mm. P. nasidens sealed the cells’ entrance and underlaid their bottom, having emerged one adult individual for each cell.
Individuals emerging from these cells presented average measurements of 7.395 mm in body length, 2.68 mm in mesosoma width, and 3.485 mm in T2 width. These male individuals presented average dimensions, relatively smaller than those presented by P. nasidens females deposited in the Entomological Collection of Federal University of Lavras (CEUFLA) (9.03 mm in body length, 3.78 mm in mesosoma width, 3.485 mm in T2 width). The other 10 sealed cells presented an average diameter of 5.74 mm; we did not observe emergence from them until May 1st, 2022.
Nests completely built by P. nasidens are rare. This species commonly acts as an inquiline, in cavities made by humans (
Pachodynerus nasidens nesting peaks occur in months of higher temperature and humidity throughout the year (
The nesting preference of P. nasidens is for cavities with openings of 6 to 9 mm in diameter (
The nest herein described probably belonged to Polistes versicolor (Olivier, 1791). According to the dichotomous key presented by
To IFMG – Campus Bambuí and IFSULDEMINAS – Campus Inconfidentes for logistics. To JLV, manager of the Mata Seca State Park – MG for field support. To the field team composed of interns of IFMG and IFSULDEMINAS. To ICMBio for providing the field collection license. To Prof Dr. Marcel Hermes, curator of the Entomological Collection of Federal University of Lavras (CEUFLA), for providing infrastructure, literature, and help in determining the Eumeninae species. WDF and GTGS are funded by CNPq (141168/2018-8) (132617/2020-0).